Sudden cardiac death causes: Difference between revisions
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*Electrical instability such as ([[CPVT]], [[LQTS]]) | *Electrical instability such as ([[CPVT]], [[LQTS]]) | ||
*Causes of acquired [[Long QT]] syndrome include the following: | ::*Causes of acquired [[Long QT]] syndrome include the following: | ||
*'''Antiarrhythmic agents''' | |||
*Class IA: [[quinidine]], [[procainamide]], [[N-acetyl procainamide]], [[disopyramide]] | *Class IA: [[quinidine]], [[procainamide]], [[N-acetyl procainamide]], [[disopyramide]] | ||
*Class III: [[amiodarone]], low risk of torsade de points | *Class III: [[amiodarone]], low risk of torsade de points | ||
*Class IV: [[bepridil]],[[ mibefradil]] | *Class IV: [[bepridil]],[[ mibefradil]] | ||
*'''[[Antihistamines]]''' | |||
*[[Terfenadine]] | *[[Terfenadine]] | ||
*[[Astemizole]] | *[[Astemizole]] | ||
*'''[[Antimicrobials]]''' | |||
*[[Erythromycin]] | *[[Erythromycin]] | ||
*[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] | *[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] | ||
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*[[Pentamidine]] | *[[Pentamidine]] | ||
*[[Chloroquine]] | *[[Chloroquine]] | ||
*'''[[Gastrointestinal]]''' | |||
*[[Cisapride]] | *[[Cisapride]] | ||
*[[Liquid protein diets]] | *[[Liquid protein diets]] | ||
*[[Anorexia nervosa]] | *[[Anorexia nervosa]] | ||
'''[[Lipid-lowering]]''' | *'''[[Lipid-lowering]]''' | ||
*[[Probucol]] | *[[Probucol]] | ||
*'''[[Psychotropic agents]]''' | |||
*[[Tricyclic]] and [[tetracycline antidepressants]] | *[[Tricyclic]] and [[tetracycline antidepressants]] | ||
*[[Haloperidol]] | *[[Haloperidol]] | ||
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*[[Risperidone]] | *[[Risperidone]] | ||
*[[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] | *[[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] | ||
*'''Other agents''' | |||
*[[Organophosphates]] | *[[Organophosphates]] | ||
*[[Diuretics]] (reduced K+, Mg2+) | *[[Diuretics]] (reduced K+, Mg2+) | ||
Revision as of 10:34, 4 February 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2]
Overview
Sudden cardiac arrest may be caused by coronary artery abnormality such as coronary atherosclerosis, acute MI, coronary artery embolism, coronary arteritis , hypertrophy of myocardium such as HCM, hypertensive heart disease, primary or secondary pulmonary hypertension , myocardial disease such as ischemic cardiomyopathy, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis ,valvular heart disease such as aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, mitral valve prolapse, endocarditis , congenital heart disease such as congenital septal defect with eisenmenger physiology , abnormality in conducting system such as Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome , electrical instability such as (CPVT, LQTS)
Causes
Sudden cardiac arrest may be caused by :
- Coronary artery abnormality such as coronary atherosclerosis, acute MI, coronary artery embolism, coronary arteritis[1][2]
- Hypertrophy of myocardium such as HCM, hypertensive heart disease, primary or secondary pulmonary hypertension
- Myocardial disease such as ischemic cardiomyopathy, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis[3]
- Valvular heart disease such as aortic stenosis,aortic insufficiency, mitral valve prolapse, endocarditis [4]
- Congenital heart disease such as congenital septal defect with Eisenmenger physiology[5]
- Abnormality in conducting system such as Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome
- Electrical instability such as (CPVT, LQTS)
- Causes of acquired Long QT syndrome include the following:
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- Class IA: quinidine, procainamide, N-acetyl procainamide, disopyramide
- Class III: amiodarone, low risk of torsade de points
- Class IV: bepridil,mibefradil
- Antihistamines
- Terfenadine
- Astemizole
- Antimicrobials
- Erythromycin
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Clarithromycin
- Cotzimoxazole
- Azithromycin
- Ketoconazole
- Pentamidine
- Chloroquine
- Gastrointestinal
- Cisapride
- Liquid protein diets
- Anorexia nervosa
- Lipid-lowering
- Probucol
- Psychotropic agents
- Tricyclic and tetracycline antidepressants
- Haloperidol
- Phenothiazines
- Risperidone
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Other agents
- Organophosphates
- Diuretics (reduced K+, Mg2+)
- Vasopressin (severe bradycardia)
- Chloral hydrate amantadine
- Electrolyte abnormalities
- Hypokalemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hypocalcemia
Causes of Sudden Death Including Sudden Cardiac Death by Organ System
Differentiating sudden cardiac death from non-cardiac causes
References
- ↑ Mehta, Davendra; Curwin, Jay; Gomes, J. Anthony; Fuster, Valentin (1997). "Sudden Death in Coronary Artery Disease". Circulation. 96 (9): 3215–3223. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.96.9.3215. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Eisenberg MS, Mengert TJ (2001). "Cardiac resuscitation". N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (17): 1304–13. PMID 11320390. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ . doi:10.1080/2F20961790.2019.1595352. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Basso, Cristina; Perazzolo Marra, Martina; Rizzo, Stefania; De Lazzari, Manuel; Giorgi, Benedetta; Cipriani, Alberto; Frigo, Anna Chiara; Rigato, Ilaria; Migliore, Federico; Pilichou, Kalliopi; Bertaglia, Emanuele; Cacciavillani, Luisa; Bauce, Barbara; Corrado, Domenico; Thiene, Gaetano; Iliceto, Sabino (2015). "Arrhythmic Mitral Valve Prolapse and Sudden Cardiac Death". Circulation. 132 (7): 556–566. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016291. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Yap, Sing-Chien; Harris, Louise (2014). "Sudden cardiac death in adults with congenital heart disease". Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy. 7 (12): 1605–1620. doi:10.1586/erc.09.153. ISSN 1477-9072.