Menopause history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Symptoms of Menopause== | ==Symptoms of Menopause== | ||
The menopausal symptom happens in the menopausal transition period. The most common symptom is the increasingly erratic menstrual period together with these symptoms the woman may also have | The menopausal symptom happens in the menopausal transition period. The most common symptom is the increasingly erratic menstrual period together with these symptoms the woman may also have.<ref name="pmid17666595">{{cite journal| author=Freeman EW, Sammel MD, Lin H, Gracia CR, Pien GW, Nelson DB | display-authors=etal| title=Symptoms associated with menopausal transition and reproductive hormones in midlife women. | journal=Obstet Gynecol | year= 2007 | volume= 110 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= 230-40 | pmid=17666595 | doi=10.1097/01.AOG.0000270153.59102.40 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17666595 }} </ref><ref name="pmid29393299">{{cite journal| author=Monteleone P, Mascagni G, Giannini A, Genazzani AR, Simoncini T| title=Symptoms of menopause - global prevalence, physiology and implications. | journal=Nat Rev Endocrinol | year= 2018 | volume= 14 | issue= 4 | pages= 199-215 | pmid=29393299 | doi=10.1038/nrendo.2017.180 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29393299 }} </ref> | ||
'''Vasomotor symptoms:''' | '''Vasomotor symptoms:'''<ref name="pmid19002017">{{cite journal| author=Crandall CJ, Zheng Y, Crawford SL, Thurston RC, Gold EB, Johnston JM | display-authors=etal| title=Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density: a longitudinal analysis. | journal=Menopause | year= 2009 | volume= 16 | issue= 2 | pages= 239-46 | pmid=19002017 | doi=10.1097/gme.0b013e3181857964 | pmc=2695505 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19002017 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Hot flashes]] are a sudden feeling of heat in [[face]] and [[neck]] may with red blotches on the [[chest]], [[back]], and [[arm]]that are happened three to four minutes associated with [[sweating]]. [[Hot flash|Hot flashes]] are the most common [[symptom]] and most women have [[hot flashes]] for 6 months to 2 years, but some [[women]] may experience them for 10 years or longer. | *[[Hot flashes]] are a sudden feeling of heat in [[face]] and [[neck]] may with red blotches on the [[chest]], [[back]], and [[arm]]that are happened three to four minutes associated with [[sweating]]. [[Hot flash|Hot flashes]] are the most common [[symptom]] and most women have [[hot flashes]] for 6 months to 2 years, but some [[women]] may experience them for 10 years or longer. | ||
*[[sleep hyperhidrosis|night sweats]] | *[[sleep hyperhidrosis|night sweats]] | ||
*[[palpitations]] | *[[palpitations]] | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
'''Urogenital symptoms''': | '''Urogenital symptoms''': | ||
[https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/vagina/art-20046562 Vaginal symptoms] | [https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/vagina/art-20046562 Vaginal symptoms]<ref name="pmid30601037">{{cite journal| author=Cagnacci A, Xholli A, Sclauzero M, Venier M, Palma F, Gambacciani M | display-authors=etal| title=Vaginal atrophy across the menopausal age: results from the ANGEL study. | journal=Climacteric | year= 2019 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 85-89 | pmid=30601037 | doi=10.1080/13697137.2018.1529748 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30601037 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Pruritus]] | *[[Pruritus]] | ||
| Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
*[[Dyspareunia]] ([[painful intercourse]]) | *[[Dyspareunia]] ([[painful intercourse]]) | ||
[[Urinary symptoms]] | [[Urinary symptoms]]<ref name="pmid26366796">{{cite journal| author=Calleja-Agius J, Brincat MP| title=The urogenital system and the menopause. | journal=Climacteric | year= 2015 | volume= 18 Suppl 1 | issue= | pages= 18-22 | pmid=26366796 | doi=10.3109/13697137.2015.1078206 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26366796 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Polyuria]] | *[[Polyuria]] | ||
| Line 41: | Line 41: | ||
*[[Dysuria]] | *[[Dysuria]] | ||
[[Sexual dysfunction|Sexual dysfunction symptom]] | [[Sexual dysfunction|Sexual dysfunction symptom]]<ref name="pmid26316248">{{cite journal| author=Thornton K, Chervenak J, Neal-Perry G| title=Menopause and Sexuality. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 2015 | volume= 44 | issue= 3 | pages= 649-61 | pmid=26316248 | doi=10.1016/j.ecl.2015.05.009 | pmc=5994393 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26316248 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Libido|Decreased libido]] | |||
*Problems reaching [[orgasm]] | |||
*dyspareunia | |||
'''Skeletal:''' | |||
*[[Osteoporosis]] gradually developing over time. | |||
'''Skeletal:''' | |||
*[[Osteoporosis]] gradually developing over time | |||
*[[Arthralgia|Joint pain]], [[myalgia|muscle pain]] | *[[Arthralgia|Joint pain]], [[myalgia|muscle pain]] | ||
*[[Back pain]] | *[[Back pain]] | ||
| Line 58: | Line 57: | ||
*Decreased [[Elasticity (economics)|elasticity]] | *Decreased [[Elasticity (economics)|elasticity]] | ||
'''Psychological:''' | '''Psychological:'''<ref name="pmid21971211">{{cite journal| author=Oppermann K, Fuchs SC, Donato G, Bastos CA, Spritzer PM| title=Physical, psychological, and menopause-related symptoms and minor psychiatric disorders in a community-based sample of Brazilian premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women. | journal=Menopause | year= 2012 | volume= 19 | issue= 3 | pages= 355-60 | pmid=21971211 | doi=10.1097/gme.0b013e31822ba026 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21971211 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Mood disturbances|Mood disturbance]] | *[[Mood disturbances|Mood disturbance]] | ||
| Line 69: | Line 68: | ||
*Loss of self-confidence | *Loss of self-confidence | ||
A [[cohort study]] found that [[menopause]] was associated with [[hot flash|hot flushes]], [[joint pain]], [[muscle pain]], and [[Depression (mood)|depressed mood]]. | A [[cohort study]] found that [[menopause]] was associated with [[hot flash|hot flushes]], [[joint pain]], [[muscle pain]], and [[Depression (mood)|depressed mood]]. [[Menopause]] was not associated with poor [[sleep]], [[decreased libido]], and [[vaginal lubrication|vaginal dryness]], and happens of these [[symptoms]] in the late [[menopausal]] transition years. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 20:47, 14 February 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]
Overview
The most common symptoms of menopause include hot flashes, night sweats, headach, palpitations, dyspareunia, stress incontinence, urgency, frequency, dysuria, anxiety, sleep disturbance, depression. In addition to some less common symptoms of menopause include loss of concentration, and loss of self confidence.
History
Obtaining a patient's history is an important aspect of making the diagnosis of menopause. It provides an insight into precipitating factors and associated comorbid conditions. A complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the prognosis. Specific histories about the symptoms (duration, onset, progression), associated symptoms. Specific areas of focus when obtaining the history, are outlined below:
- Onset, duration, and progression of symptoms especially ( Hot flashes, urinary symptoms, joint pain).
- History of the menstrual cycle
- Associated symptoms such as depression, sleep disturbance.
- history of Co-morbid conditions such as Hypertension, Heart disease, Diabetes Mellitus.
- Medications
- History of smoking and tobacco.
Symptoms of Menopause
The menopausal symptom happens in the menopausal transition period. The most common symptom is the increasingly erratic menstrual period together with these symptoms the woman may also have.[1][2]
Vasomotor symptoms:[3]
- Hot flashes are a sudden feeling of heat in face and neck may with red blotches on the chest, back, and armthat are happened three to four minutes associated with sweating. Hot flashes are the most common symptom and most women have hot flashes for 6 months to 2 years, but some women may experience them for 10 years or longer.
- night sweats
- palpitations
- migraines
Urogenital symptoms:
- Decreased libido
- Problems reaching orgasm
- dyspareunia
Skeletal:
- Osteoporosis gradually developing over time.
- Joint pain, muscle pain
- Back pain
Skin, soft tissue:
- Breast atrophy
- Skin thinning
- Decreased elasticity
Psychological:[7]
- Mood disturbance
- Sleep disturbance
- Irritability
- Anxiety
- Poor Memory: as a result of depression and loss of sleep but not due to deficiency of estrogen hormone.
- Depression
- Loss of concentration
- Loss of self-confidence
A cohort study found that menopause was associated with hot flushes, joint pain, muscle pain, and depressed mood. Menopause was not associated with poor sleep, decreased libido, and vaginal dryness, and happens of these symptoms in the late menopausal transition years.
References
- ↑ Freeman EW, Sammel MD, Lin H, Gracia CR, Pien GW, Nelson DB; et al. (2007). "Symptoms associated with menopausal transition and reproductive hormones in midlife women". Obstet Gynecol. 110 (2 Pt 1): 230–40. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000270153.59102.40. PMID 17666595.
- ↑ Monteleone P, Mascagni G, Giannini A, Genazzani AR, Simoncini T (2018). "Symptoms of menopause - global prevalence, physiology and implications". Nat Rev Endocrinol. 14 (4): 199–215. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2017.180. PMID 29393299.
- ↑ Crandall CJ, Zheng Y, Crawford SL, Thurston RC, Gold EB, Johnston JM; et al. (2009). "Presence of vasomotor symptoms is associated with lower bone mineral density: a longitudinal analysis". Menopause. 16 (2): 239–46. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3181857964. PMC 2695505. PMID 19002017.
- ↑ Cagnacci A, Xholli A, Sclauzero M, Venier M, Palma F, Gambacciani M; et al. (2019). "Vaginal atrophy across the menopausal age: results from the ANGEL study". Climacteric. 22 (1): 85–89. doi:10.1080/13697137.2018.1529748. PMID 30601037.
- ↑ Calleja-Agius J, Brincat MP (2015). "The urogenital system and the menopause". Climacteric. 18 Suppl 1: 18–22. doi:10.3109/13697137.2015.1078206. PMID 26366796.
- ↑ Thornton K, Chervenak J, Neal-Perry G (2015). "Menopause and Sexuality". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 44 (3): 649–61. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2015.05.009. PMC 5994393. PMID 26316248.
- ↑ Oppermann K, Fuchs SC, Donato G, Bastos CA, Spritzer PM (2012). "Physical, psychological, and menopause-related symptoms and minor psychiatric disorders in a community-based sample of Brazilian premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women". Menopause. 19 (3): 355–60. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31822ba026. PMID 21971211.