Delirium risk factors: Difference between revisions
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Delirium is caused by variety of causes but likelihood of having delirium depends on various risk factors. | Delirium is caused by variety of causes but likelihood of having delirium depends on various risk factors. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Common risk factors associated with [[delirium]] include: | Common risk factors associated with [[delirium]] include:<ref name="ZaalDevlin2015">{{cite journal|last1=Zaal|first1=Irene J.|last2=Devlin|first2=John W.|last3=Peelen|first3=Linda M.|last4=Slooter|first4=Arjen J. C.|title=A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Delirium in the ICU*|journal=Critical Care Medicine|volume=43|issue=1|year=2015|pages=40–47|issn=0090-3493|doi=10.1097/CCM.0000000000000625}}</ref> | ||
*[[Older]] age | *[[Older]] age | ||
* [[Dementia]] | * [[Dementia]] | ||
Revision as of 14:36, 3 April 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [2]; Vishal Khurana, M.B.B.S., M.D. [3]
Overview
Delirium is caused by variety of causes but likelihood of having delirium depends on various risk factors.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors associated with delirium include:[1]
- Older age
- Dementia
- Hypertension
- Emergency surgery or trauma before ICU admission
- Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) score
- Mechanical ventilation
- Metabolic acidosis
- Delirium on the prior day
- Coma
Modifiable Risk Factors
- Sensory impairment (hearing or vision)
- Immobilization (catheters or restraints)
- Offending drugs (for example, sedative hypnotics, narcotics, anticholinergic drugs, corticosteroid, polypharmacy, withdrawal of alcohol or other drugs)
- Acute neurological pathology (for example, acute stroke [usually right parietal], intracranial hemorrhage, meningitis, encephalitis)
- Intercurrent illness (for example, infections, iatrogenic complications, severe acute illness, anemia, dehydration, poor nutritional status, fracture or trauma, HIV infection)
- Metabolic impairment
- Surgery
- Stressful surroundings (for example, admission to an intensive care unit)
- Pain
- Emotional stress
- Lack of sleep
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
- Cognitive impairment
- Older age (>65 years)
- History of delirium, stroke, neurological disease, falls or gait disorder
- Associating multiple medical aliments
- Gender: Male over females
- Renal or hepatic pathology[2]
References
- ↑ Zaal, Irene J.; Devlin, John W.; Peelen, Linda M.; Slooter, Arjen J. C. (2015). "A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Delirium in the ICU*". Critical Care Medicine. 43 (1): 40–47. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000000625. ISSN 0090-3493.
- ↑ "Delirium in elderly adults: diagnosis, prevention and treatment".