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| {{CMG}}; {{VB}}[[User:Soumya Sachdeva|Soumya Sachdeva]], , {{AE}} [[User:Dushka|Dushka Riaz, MD]] | | {{CMG}}; {{VB}}[[User:Soumya Sachdeva|Soumya Sachdeva]], , {{AE}} [[User:Dushka|Dushka Riaz, MD]] |
| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| Anaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen. After being exposed to a substance such as bee sting venom, the person's immune system becomes sensitized to it. On a later exposure to that allergen, an allergic reaction may occur. This reaction happens quickly after the exposure, is severe, and involves the whole body.[[Tissues]] in different parts of the body release [[histamine]] and other substances. This causes the [[airways]] to tighten and leads to other symptoms. Anaphylaxis is life-threatening and can occur at any time. Risks include a history of any type of allergic reaction. | | Anaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen. After being exposed to a substance such as bee sting venom, the person's immune system becomes sensitized to it. On a later exposure to that allergen, an allergic reaction may occur. This reaction happens quickly after the exposure, is severe, and involves the whole body. [[Tissues]] in different parts of the body release [[histamine]] and other substances. This causes the [[airways]] to tighten and leads to other symptoms. Anaphylaxis is life-threatening and can occur at any time. Risks include a history of any type of allergic reaction. |
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| ===Life Threatening Causes=== | | ===Life Threatening Causes=== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2]Soumya Sachdeva, , Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dushka Riaz, MD
Overview
Anaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen. After being exposed to a substance such as bee sting venom, the person's immune system becomes sensitized to it. On a later exposure to that allergen, an allergic reaction may occur. This reaction happens quickly after the exposure, is severe, and involves the whole body. Tissues in different parts of the body release histamine and other substances. This causes the airways to tighten and leads to other symptoms. Anaphylaxis is life-threatening and can occur at any time. Risks include a history of any type of allergic reaction.
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Anaphylaxis is itself a life threatening condition.
Causes
Common Causes
Anaphylaxis can occur in response to any allergen. Common causes include:
- Food allergies (peanuts, milk, eggs, seafood, nuts, grains, beans, gelatin in capsules)
- Insect bites/stings (yellow jacket, yellow and baldfaced hornets, paper wasp, honey bee, imported fire ants)
- Nonpollen allergen extracts (dust mites, dander of cats, dogs, horses and laboratory animals)
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
No underlying causes
|
| Chemical/Poisoning
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dental
|
No underlying causes
|
| Dermatologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Drug Side Effect
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Abatacept, Acetaminophen, Agalsidase beta, Alemtuzumab, Alglucosidase alfa, Amifostine, Aminohippurate, Amoxycillin, Amphotericin B, Ampicillin, Ancrod, Anidulafungin, Antihypertensive drug allergy, Aprotinin, Asparaginase, Aspirin, Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride, Aztreonam, Basiliximab, Belimumab, Cefadroxil, choriogonadotropin alfa, Cefotaxime sodium, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Cefaclor Cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin, caspofungin acetate, Cefoxitin sodium, Cetrorelix, Coagulation factor IX,Coagulation factor XIII A-subunit, conestat alfa, cromolyn, Clemastine, Cyanocobalamin, Cytarabine, cytomegalovirus immune globulin, Dacarbazine, Denileukin diftitox, Desmopressin, Diphenhydramine, Doxycycline, Ecallantide, Elosulfase alfa, Epirubicin , Ergonovine, ethanolamine oleate, Ferric Carboxymaltose,fibrinogen, Fluoxymesterone, fosaprepitant, Gadobenate Dimeglumine,Gadoteridol, Gadoterate, gadoxetate, galsulfase, Ganirelix, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Gluten allergy , Glucarpidase, Hepatitis B immunoglobulin,hexaminolevulinate, hydroxyethyl starch, Idelalisib, Idursulfase, Imipenem, Indinavir, Interferon beta- 1a, Interferon beta- 1b, Interleukin 11, Isosulfan blue, lamivudine, laronidase, Lidocaine (ointment), Lincomycin Hydrochloride, Local anaesthetic allergy , Meropenem, Micafungin sodium, Morphine allergy , Netupitant and palonosetron, Niacin, Norfloxacin, Novacaine drug allergy, Omalizumab, Oxaliplatin, Oxaprozin, Oxytetracycline, Palivizumab, Papain, Pegaspargase, *Peginterferon Beta-1a,Pegloticase, Penicillin, p-Phenylenediamine, Polidocanol , Prednisolone,Protamine sulfate, Probenecid, Piperacillin, Rabeprazole, Rasburicase, Secukinumab, Sodium aurothiomalate, Sorafenib, Streptokinase, Sulfacetamide, Sulfasalazine, Sulphonamides, Spironolactone, Telavancin hydrochloride, Thallous Chloride Tl 201, Tolmetin, Trospium, trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton rubrum, tuberculin, Zopiclone, Chlorhexidine gluconate, taliglucerase alfa
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| Ear Nose Throat
|
No underlying causes
|
| Endocrine
|
No underlying causes
|
| Environmental
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Ant bite, urticaria, Baby bottle nipples induced, Bee sting, Caffeine allergy, Condoms and diaphragms induced allergies, Exercise, Fire ant bite , Fire coral poisoning, amaranth, Food additive allergy , Food allergy, Fruit allergy, Glafenine, Greenhead ant sting , Herbal agent adverse reaction, Hymenoptera venom, Inch ant sting , Jack jumper ant sting, Non-food allergy -- africanized honeybee, ant, black fire ant, bumblebee, dust mites, honey bee, hornet, mosquito, red fire ant, scorpion, tropical fire ant, wasp, yellow jacket wasp, Nut allergy, Oriental hornet poisoning, Peanut allergy, Red imported fire ant sting, Seafood allergy, Shellfish allergy, Spice allergy, Spider bite, Wasp sting, Wound drains and tubes induced allergies
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| Gastroenterologic
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Alveolar hydatid disease
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| Genetic
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No underlying causes
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| Hematologic
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Blood transfusion and complications, Bone marrow transplantation
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| Iatrogenic
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Contrast x-ray test dye reaction
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| Infectious Disease
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Echinococcus granulosus
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| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
|
No underlying causes
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| Neurologic
|
No underlying causes
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| Nutritional/Metabolic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Oncologic
|
No underlying causes
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| Ophthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose/Toxicity
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No underlying causes
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| Psychiatric
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No underlying causes
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| Pulmonary
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Asthma
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| Renal/Electrolyte
|
No underlying causes
|
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
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Autoimmune urticaria, Hives, Hydatidosis , Serum sickness, Systemic mastocytosis, Type 1 hypersensitivity,
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| Sexual
|
No underlying causes
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| Trauma
|
No underlying causes
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| Urologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Miscellaneous
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Egg allergy, Handgrips induced allergies , Latex catheters induced allergies , Pacifiers induced allergies, Sterilization agents, Stethoscope induced allergies
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Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
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CME Category::Cardiology