Anaphylaxis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
''Anaphylaxis'' is an [[acute (medical)|acute]] systemic (multi-system) and severe Type I Hypersensitivity [[allergy|allergic]] reaction in humans and other [[mammal]]s. [[Anaphylaxis]] occurs when a person or animal is exposed to a trigger substance, called an [[allergen]], to which they have already become sensitized | ''Anaphylaxis'' is an [[acute (medical)|acute]] systemic (multi-system) and severe Type I Hypersensitivity [[allergy|allergic]] reaction in humans and other [[mammal]]s. [[Anaphylaxis]] occurs when a person or animal is exposed to a trigger substance, called an [[allergen]], to which they have already become sensitized. Anaphylaxis may occur after ingestion, [[skin]] contact, injection of an [[allergen]] or, in rare cases, [[inhalation]]. <ref name="pmid28800865">{{cite journal| author=LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G| title=Anaphylaxis. | journal=Chest | year= 2018 | volume= 153 | issue= 2 | pages= 528-543 | pmid=28800865 | doi=10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033 | pmc=6026262 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28800865 }} </ref> The [[allergen]] causes a release of mast cells into the circulation. <ref name="pmid26357949">{{cite journal| author=Yu JE, Lin RY| title=The Epidemiology of Anaphylaxis. | journal=Clin Rev Allergy Immunol | year= 2018 | volume= 54 | issue= 3 | pages= 366-374 | pmid=26357949 | doi=10.1007/s12016-015-8503-x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26357949 }} </ref> It is marked by life threatening compromise of airway, breathing and circulation. <ref name="pmid28780941">{{cite journal| author=Reber LL, Hernandez JD, Galli SJ| title=The pathophysiology of anaphylaxis. | journal=J Allergy Clin Immunol | year= 2017 | volume= 140 | issue= 2 | pages= 335-348 | pmid=28780941 | doi=10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.003 | pmc=5657389 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28780941 }} </ref> Common causes in children are usually food whereas in adults it is usually linked to [[Medication|medications]] and [[Insect Bites|insect]] stings. <ref name="pmid28372711">{{cite journal| author=Commins SP| title=Outpatient Emergencies: Anaphylaxis. | journal=Med Clin North Am | year= 2017 | volume= 101 | issue= 3 | pages= 521-536 | pmid=28372711 | doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2016.12.003 | pmc=5381731 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28372711 }} </ref> The mainstay of prevention is to avoid the [[allergen]]. <ref name="pmid28800865">{{cite journal| author=LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G| title=Anaphylaxis. | journal=Chest | year= 2018 | volume= 153 | issue= 2 | pages= 528-543 | pmid=28800865 | doi=10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033 | pmc=6026262 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28800865 }} </ref> The mainstay of treatment is [[epinephrine]]. <ref name="pmidDOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4006">{{cite journal| author=Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G| title=Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes. | journal=Biochem Pharmacol | year= 1975 | volume= 24 | issue= 17 | pages= 1639-41 | pmid=DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4006 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:08, 14 April 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dushka Riaz, MD
Overview
Anaphylaxis is an acute systemic (multi-system) and severe Type I Hypersensitivity allergic reaction in humans and other mammals. Anaphylaxis occurs when a person or animal is exposed to a trigger substance, called an allergen, to which they have already become sensitized. Anaphylaxis may occur after ingestion, skin contact, injection of an allergen or, in rare cases, inhalation. [1] The allergen causes a release of mast cells into the circulation. [2] It is marked by life threatening compromise of airway, breathing and circulation. [3] Common causes in children are usually food whereas in adults it is usually linked to medications and insect stings. [4] The mainstay of prevention is to avoid the allergen. [1] The mainstay of treatment is epinephrine. [5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, Krishnaswamy G (2018). "Anaphylaxis". Chest. 153 (2): 528–543. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2017.07.033. PMC 6026262. PMID 28800865.
- ↑ Yu JE, Lin RY (2018). "The Epidemiology of Anaphylaxis". Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 54 (3): 366–374. doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8503-x. PMID 26357949.
- ↑ Reber LL, Hernandez JD, Galli SJ (2017). "The pathophysiology of anaphylaxis". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 140 (2): 335–348. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.003. PMC 5657389. PMID 28780941.
- ↑ Commins SP (2017). "Outpatient Emergencies: Anaphylaxis". Med Clin North Am. 101 (3): 521–536. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2016.12.003. PMC 5381731. PMID 28372711.
- ↑ Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G (1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. PMID 10.1542/peds.2016-4006 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-4006 Check
|pmid=value (help).