Sandbox:dina

Dina Elantably, MD, MSc[1]

Huda A. Karman, M.D.

Dina Elantably, MD, MSc[2]

• CVS
• VSD

AF

Atrial fibrillation

Functions

1. Bind insulin receptors
   1. inducing glucose uptake into insulin dependent tissue
   2. gene transcription

glucose is the major regulator of insulin release to incretins.

Diabetes mellitus It could be due to genetic , enviromental or immune defects.

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Regulation of insulin

“

glucose is the main substrate for the brain

”

Thyroid disorders

Findings	hypothyroidism	Hyperthyroidism

proinsulin and c-peptide

Complications of diabetes:

1. Major complications
2. Minor complications
3. Emergency situations

11 β- hydroxylase deficiency

21 α-hydroxylase deficiency

1. redirectDiabetes Mellitus

The pathogenesis of chronic recalcitrant hand eczema and its dramatic response to alitretinoin is not yet known.

References

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Large Vessel Vasculitis
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