Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis}} | {{Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{ SharmiB}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
==Causes== | |||
There are more than 100 different causes of [[cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]] (CVT). Virchow's principles ([[blood]] stasis, modification of [[vascular]] wall, and [[blood]] [[rheology]]) should be used to identify all the predisposing [[conditions]] for CVT. There are also some [[genetic]] and acquired [[causes]] leading to CVT. In the [[cohort]] of an International study of [[cerebral]] [[vein]] and dural sinus [[thrombosis]](ISCVT), 34% of [[patients]] had [[thrombophilia]] while 22% of them had acquired [[thrombophilia]].<ref name="Stam2005">{{cite journal|last1=Stam|first1=Jan|title=Thrombosis of the Cerebral Veins and Sinuses|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=352|issue=17|year=2005|pages=1791–1798|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra042354}}</ref><ref name="FilippidisKapsalaki2009">{{cite journal|last1=Filippidis|first1=Aristotelis|last2=Kapsalaki|first2=Eftychia|last3=Patramani|first3=Gianna|last4=Fountas|first4=Kostas N.|title=Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: review of the demographics, pathophysiology, current diagnosis, and treatment|journal=Neurosurgical Focus|volume=27|issue=5|year=2009|pages=E3|issn=1092-0684|doi=10.3171/2009.8.FOCUS09167}}</ref> | There are more than 100 different causes of [[cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]] (CVT). Virchow's principles ([[blood]] stasis, modification of [[vascular]] wall, and [[blood]] [[rheology]]) should be used to identify all the predisposing [[conditions]] for CVT. There are also some [[genetic]] and acquired [[causes]] leading to CVT. In the [[cohort]] of an International study of [[cerebral]] [[vein]] and dural sinus [[thrombosis]](ISCVT), 34% of [[patients]] had [[thrombophilia]] while 22% of them had acquired [[thrombophilia]].<ref name="Stam2005">{{cite journal|last1=Stam|first1=Jan|title=Thrombosis of the Cerebral Veins and Sinuses|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=352|issue=17|year=2005|pages=1791–1798|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra042354}}</ref><ref name="FilippidisKapsalaki2009">{{cite journal|last1=Filippidis|first1=Aristotelis|last2=Kapsalaki|first2=Eftychia|last3=Patramani|first3=Gianna|last4=Fountas|first4=Kostas N.|title=Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: review of the demographics, pathophysiology, current diagnosis, and treatment|journal=Neurosurgical Focus|volume=27|issue=5|year=2009|pages=E3|issn=1092-0684|doi=10.3171/2009.8.FOCUS09167}}</ref> | ||
===Genetic prothrombotic causes=== | |||
- [[Antithrombin]] [[deficiency]] | - [[Antithrombin]] [[deficiency]] | ||
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References == | ==References == | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Revision as of 17:43, 23 July 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sharmi Biswas, M.B.B.S
Overview
Causes
There are more than 100 different causes of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT). Virchow's principles (blood stasis, modification of vascular wall, and blood rheology) should be used to identify all the predisposing conditions for CVT. There are also some genetic and acquired causes leading to CVT. In the cohort of an International study of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis(ISCVT), 34% of patients had thrombophilia while 22% of them had acquired thrombophilia.[1][2]
Genetic prothrombotic causes
- Protein C and S deficiency
- Factor v Leiden mutation
- Resistance to activated protein C
- prothrombin mutation (A–G at position 20210)
- mutations leading to homocysteinemia
- methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)
Acquired Prothrombotic States
- homocysteinemia
Infection
- otitis
- systemic infectious diseases
- AIDS
Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- Adamantiades-Behçet disease
Hematology
- thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- thrombocythemia
- severe anemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Drugs
- oral contraceptives
- steroids
- illicit drugs (such as ecstasy)
Mechanical Causes
- neurosurgical procedures
- jugular vein catheterization
Malignancy
- CNS tumors
- '''solid''' tumors outside [[CNS]]
Other Causes
- dehydration, especially in children
- toxicosis
- arteriovenous malformations
- dural fistulae
- post radiation
References
- ↑ Stam, Jan (2005). "Thrombosis of the Cerebral Veins and Sinuses". New England Journal of Medicine. 352 (17): 1791–1798. doi:10.1056/NEJMra042354. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Filippidis, Aristotelis; Kapsalaki, Eftychia; Patramani, Gianna; Fountas, Kostas N. (2009). "Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: review of the demographics, pathophysiology, current diagnosis, and treatment". Neurosurgical Focus. 27 (5): E3. doi:10.3171/2009.8.FOCUS09167. ISSN 1092-0684.