Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
A French physician named Ribes is the first one to report a case of cerebral vein thrombosis(CVT) in a 45 years old woman who presented with headaches and seizures. Autopsy findings revealed that there were superior sagittal and lateral sinus thrombosis causing the symptoms. This is the first case report defining the features of cerebral vein thrombosis. The relationship between cerebral vein thrombosis and pregnancy was revealed a few years later when John Abercrombie, physician to King George IV, reported a case of a 24years old female who died 2 weeks after delivery due to status epilepticus and her autopsy showed thrombosis in superior sagittal sinus and cortical veins. In the second half of the 20th century, the introduction of catheter cerebral angiography helped to conduct larger clinical studies and more information about clinical characteristics, risk factors of CVT has been available.<ref name="Silvisde Sousa2017">{{cite journal|last1=Silvis|first1=Suzanne M.|last2=de Sousa|first2=Diana Aguiar|last3=Ferro|first3=José M.|last4=Coutinho|first4=Jonathan M|title=Cerebral venous thrombosis|journal=Nature Reviews Neurology|volume=13|issue=9|year=2017|pages=555–565|issn=1759-4758|doi=10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104}}</ref>.Dr.Charles Symonds in 1940 explained the clinical diagnosis of CVT using clinical signs, symptoms, and lumbar puncture results.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Symonds CP | title=Cerebral thrombophlebitis | journal=Br Med J | year=1940 | month=September | volume=2 | pmid=20783290 | issue=4158 | pages=348–52 | pmc=2179068 | doi=10.1136/bmj.2.4158.348}}</ref><ref name=Stansfield>{{cite journal | author=Stansfield FR | title=Puerperal cerebral thrombophlebitis treated by heparin | journal=Br Med J | year=1942 | month=April | volume=1 | pmid=20784169 | issue=4239 | pages=436–438 | pmc=2164893 | doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4239.436}}</ref> | A French physician named Ribes is the first one to report a case of [[cerebral]] [[vein]] [[thrombosis]](CVT) in a 45 years old woman who presented with [[headaches]] and [[seizures]]. [[Autopsy]] findings revealed that there were [[superior sagittal sinus]] and lateral [[sinus]] [[thrombosis]] causing the [[symptoms]]. This is the first case report defining the features of [[cerebral]] [[vein]] [[thrombosis]]. The relationship between [[cerebral]] [[vein]] [[thrombosis]] and [[pregnancy]] was revealed a few years later when John Abercrombie, physician to King George IV, reported a case of a 24years old female who died 2 weeks after delivery due to [[status epilepticus]] and her autopsy showed [[thrombosis]] in [[superior sagittal sinus]] and cortical [[veins]]. In the second half of the 20th century, the introduction of [[catheter]] [[cerebral]] [[angiography]] helped to conduct larger clinical studies and more information about [[clinical]] characteristics, [[risk factors]] of CVT has been available.<ref name="Silvisde Sousa2017">{{cite journal|last1=Silvis|first1=Suzanne M.|last2=de Sousa|first2=Diana Aguiar|last3=Ferro|first3=José M.|last4=Coutinho|first4=Jonathan M|title=Cerebral venous thrombosis|journal=Nature Reviews Neurology|volume=13|issue=9|year=2017|pages=555–565|issn=1759-4758|doi=10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104}}</ref>.Dr.Charles Symonds in 1940 explained the [[clinical]] [[diagnosis]] of CVT using [[clinical]] [[signs]], [[symptoms]], and [[lumbar puncture]] results.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Symonds CP | title=Cerebral thrombophlebitis | journal=Br Med J | year=1940 | month=September | volume=2 | pmid=20783290 | issue=4158 | pages=348–52 | pmc=2179068 | doi=10.1136/bmj.2.4158.348}}</ref><ref name=Stansfield>{{cite journal | author=Stansfield FR | title=Puerperal cerebral thrombophlebitis treated by heparin | journal=Br Med J | year=1942 | month=April | volume=1 | pmid=20784169 | issue=4239 | pages=436–438 | pmc=2164893 | doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4239.436}}</ref> | ||
In 1951, the introduction of venography brought a drastic improvement in diagnosing CVT<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ray BS, Dunbar HS, Dotter CT |title=Dural sinus venography as an aid to diagnosis in intracranial disease |journal=J. Neurosurg. |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=23–37 |year=1951 |month=January |pmid=14804146 |doi=10.3171/jns.1951.8.1.0023}}</ref>which also aided in the distinction from [[idiopathic intracranial hypertension]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ray BS, Dunbar HS |title=Thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses as a cause of pseudotumor cerebri |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=134 |issue=3 |pages=376–86 |year=1951 |month=September |pmid=14869026 |pmc=1802934 |doi=10.1097/00000658-195113430-00009}}</ref> which has similar presenting signs and symptoms in many cases. | In 1951, the introduction of [[venography]] brought a drastic improvement in diagnosing CVT<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ray BS, Dunbar HS, Dotter CT |title=Dural [[sinus]] [[venography]] as an aid to [[diagnosis]] in intracranial [[disease]] |journal=J. Neurosurg. |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=23–37 |year=1951 |month=January |pmid=14804146 |doi=10.3171/jns.1951.8.1.0023}}</ref>which also aided in the distinction from [[idiopathic intracranial hypertension]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ray BS, Dunbar HS |title=Thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses as a cause of pseudotumor cerebri |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=134 |issue=3 |pages=376–86 |year=1951 |month=September |pmid=14869026 |pmc=1802934 |doi=10.1097/00000658-195113430-00009}}</ref> which has similar presenting [[signs]] and [[symptoms]] in many cases. | ||
In 1942, a British gynecologist Stansfield started using anticoagulant heparin to treat CVT. Clinical trials in the 1990s finally resolved the concern about using anticoagulants in most cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Early non-invasive diagnosis of CVT became easier with the widespread availability of CT with venography and MRI with venography in late 1980.<ref name="Silvisde Sousa2017">{{cite journal|last1=Silvis|first1=Suzanne M.|last2=de Sousa|first2=Diana Aguiar|last3=Ferro|first3=José M.|last4=Coutinho|first4=Jonathan M|title=Cerebral venous thrombosis|journal=Nature Reviews Neurology|volume=13|issue=9|year=2017|pages=555–565|issn=1759-4758|doi=10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104}}</ref> | In 1942, a British gynecologist Stansfield started using [[anticoagulant]] [[heparin]] to treat CVT. [[Clinical]] trials in the 1990s finally resolved the concern about using [[anticoagulants]] in most cases of [[cerebral venous sinus thrombosis]]. Early non-invasive [[diagnosis]] of CVT became easier with the widespread availability of CT with [[venography]] and MRI with venography in late 1980.<ref name="Silvisde Sousa2017">{{cite journal|last1=Silvis|first1=Suzanne M.|last2=de Sousa|first2=Diana Aguiar|last3=Ferro|first3=José M.|last4=Coutinho|first4=Jonathan M|title=Cerebral venous thrombosis|journal=Nature Reviews Neurology|volume=13|issue=9|year=2017|pages=555–565|issn=1759-4758|doi=10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:19, 25 July 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2] Sharmi Biswas, M.B.B.S
Overview
Historical Perspective
A French physician named Ribes is the first one to report a case of cerebral vein thrombosis(CVT) in a 45 years old woman who presented with headaches and seizures. Autopsy findings revealed that there were superior sagittal sinus and lateral sinus thrombosis causing the symptoms. This is the first case report defining the features of cerebral vein thrombosis. The relationship between cerebral vein thrombosis and pregnancy was revealed a few years later when John Abercrombie, physician to King George IV, reported a case of a 24years old female who died 2 weeks after delivery due to status epilepticus and her autopsy showed thrombosis in superior sagittal sinus and cortical veins. In the second half of the 20th century, the introduction of catheter cerebral angiography helped to conduct larger clinical studies and more information about clinical characteristics, risk factors of CVT has been available.[1].Dr.Charles Symonds in 1940 explained the clinical diagnosis of CVT using clinical signs, symptoms, and lumbar puncture results.[2][3] In 1951, the introduction of venography brought a drastic improvement in diagnosing CVT[4]which also aided in the distinction from idiopathic intracranial hypertension,[5] which has similar presenting signs and symptoms in many cases.
In 1942, a British gynecologist Stansfield started using anticoagulant heparin to treat CVT. Clinical trials in the 1990s finally resolved the concern about using anticoagulants in most cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Early non-invasive diagnosis of CVT became easier with the widespread availability of CT with venography and MRI with venography in late 1980.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Silvis, Suzanne M.; de Sousa, Diana Aguiar; Ferro, José M.; Coutinho, Jonathan M (2017). "Cerebral venous thrombosis". Nature Reviews Neurology. 13 (9): 555–565. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.104. ISSN 1759-4758.
- ↑ Symonds CP (1940). "Cerebral thrombophlebitis". Br Med J. 2 (4158): 348–52. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4158.348. PMC 2179068. PMID 20783290. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Stansfield FR (1942). "Puerperal cerebral thrombophlebitis treated by heparin". Br Med J. 1 (4239): 436–438. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4239.436. PMC 2164893. PMID 20784169. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Ray BS, Dunbar HS, Dotter CT (1951). "Dural sinus venography as an aid to diagnosis in intracranial disease". J. Neurosurg. 8 (1): 23–37. doi:10.3171/jns.1951.8.1.0023. PMID 14804146. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Ray BS, Dunbar HS (1951). "Thrombosis of the dural venous sinuses as a cause of pseudotumor cerebri". Ann. Surg. 134 (3): 376–86. doi:10.1097/00000658-195113430-00009. PMC 1802934. PMID 14869026. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)