Bacterial pneumonia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz

Overview

Bacterial pneumonia may be due to a variety of underlying causes. The microorganisms responsible are divided into Typical and Atypical. Typical bacteria often result in a classic pneumonia whereas atypical bacteria lead to a much milder presentation often referred to as "walking pneumonia". These patients appear near normal but have extensive findings on chest x-ray.

Causes

Microorganisms

Typical Pneumonia	Atypical Pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumoniae	Legionella
Staphylococcus aureus	Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae	Chlamydia pneumoniae
Group A streptococci	Chlamydia psittaci
Moraxella catarrhalis	Chlamydia Trachomatis
Anaerobes and aerobic gram-negative bacteria

Causes of Nosocomial and Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

• Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
• Streptococcus species
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Escherichia coli
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Enterobacter species
• Acinetobacter species

Demographics

Age Group/ Condition	Most common organism
Neonates (<4 weeks old)	Group B streptococci, Escherichia coli
Children (4 weeks - 18 years)	Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae
Adults (18 - 40 years)
Adults (40 - 65 years)
Elderly (>65 years)
HIV Infected Patients