Bacterial pneumonia causes: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
===Microorganisms=== | ===Microorganisms=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Typical Pneumonia <ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | !Typical Pneumonia <ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
!Atypical Pneumonia <ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | !Atypical Pneumonia <ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
| Line 37: | Line 36: | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ===Demographics=== | ||
<ref name=" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Age Group | |||
!Most common organism | |||
|- | |||
|Neonates (<4 weeks old) <ref name="pmid2107797">{{cite journal| author=Webber S, Wilkinson AR, Lindsell D, Hope PL, Dobson SR, Isaacs D| title=Neonatal pneumonia. | journal=Arch Dis Child | year= 1990 | volume= 65 | issue= 2 | pages= 207-11 | pmid=2107797 | doi=10.1136/adc.65.2.207 | pmc=1792235 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2107797 }} </ref><ref name="pmid27569107">{{cite journal| author=Nguyen TK, Tran TH, Roberts CL, Graham SM, Marais BJ| title=Child pneumonia - focus on the Western Pacific Region. | journal=Paediatr Respir Rev | year= 2017 | volume= 21 | issue= | pages= 102-110 | pmid=27569107 | doi=10.1016/j.prrv.2016.07.004 | pmc=7106312 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27569107 }} </ref> | |||
|''[[Group B streptococci]]'' | |||
''[[Escherichia coli]]'' | |||
''[[Listeria monocytogenes]]'' | |||
|- | |||
|Toddlers (2 - 4 years) <ref name="pmid27569107" /> | |||
|''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' | |||
''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' | |||
''[[Moraxella catarrhalis]]'' | |||
|- | |||
|Children (4 weeks - 18 years) <ref name="pmid27569107" /> | |||
|''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' | |||
''[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]'' | |||
''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' | |||
|- | |||
|Adults (18 - 65 years) <ref name="pmid32461392">{{cite journal| author=Eshwara VK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rello J| title=Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: An update. | journal=Indian J Med Res | year= 2020 | volume= 151 | issue= 4 | pages= 287-302 | pmid=32461392 | doi=10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19 | pmc=7371062 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32461392 }} </ref> | |||
|[[Streptococcus pneumoniae|''Streptococcus pneumoniae'']] | |||
''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | |||
''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' | |||
''[[Klebsiella]]'' | |||
''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'' | |||
''[[Legionella]]'' | |||
=== | ''[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]'' | ||
''[[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]'' | |||
|- | |||
|Elderly (>65 years) <ref name="pmid28916385">{{cite journal| author=Henig O, Kaye KS| title=Bacterial Pneumonia in Older Adults. | journal=Infect Dis Clin North Am | year= 2017 | volume= 31 | issue= 4 | pages= 689-713 | pmid=28916385 | doi=10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.015 | pmc=7127502 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28916385 }} </ref> | |||
|[[Streptococcus pneumoniae|''Streptococcus pneumoniae'']] | |||
''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | |||
''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' | |||
''[[Legionella]]'' | |||
''Gram Negative Rods ([[Escherichia coli]], [[Klebsiella]], [[Enterobacter]] species, [[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]])'' | |||
|} | |||
=== Specific Groups === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Group Description | |||
! | |||
!Most common organism | !Most common organism | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Alcoholics | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Aspiration | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Cystic fibrosis | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Immunocompromised | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |Intravenous drug users | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |||
|Nosocomial (hospital acquired) <ref name="pmid30571062">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30571062 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
|''[[Staphylococcus aureus]] (MRSA)'' | |||
''[[Streptococcus]] species'' | |||
''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'' | |||
''[[Escherichia coli]]'' | |||
''[[Klebsiella]] pneumoniae'' | |||
''[[Enterobacter]]'' species | |||
''[[Acinetobacter spp|Acinetobacter]]'' species | |||
|- | |||
|Postviral | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 08:09, 3 January 2022
|
Bacterial pneumonia Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Bacterial pneumonia causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bacterial pneumonia causes |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Bacterial pneumonia causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz
Overview
Bacterial pneumonia may be due to a variety of underlying causes. The microorganisms responsible are divided into Typical and Atypical. Typical bacteria often result in a classic pneumonia whereas atypical bacteria lead to a much milder presentation often referred to as "walking pneumonia". These patients appear near normal but have extensive findings on chest x-ray.
Causes
Microorganisms
| Typical Pneumonia [1] | Atypical Pneumonia [1] |
|---|---|
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Legionella |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Haemophilus influenzae | Chlamydia pneumoniae |
| Listeria monocytogenes | Chlamydia psittaci |
| Group A streptococci | Chlamydia Trachomatis |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | |
| Anaerobes and aerobic gram-negative bacteria |
Demographics
| Age Group | Most common organism |
|---|---|
| Neonates (<4 weeks old) [2][3] | Group B streptococci |
| Toddlers (2 - 4 years) [3] | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Children (4 weeks - 18 years) [3] | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Adults (18 - 65 years) [4] | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Elderly (>65 years) [5] | Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram Negative Rods (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) |
Specific Groups
| Group Description | Most common organism |
|---|---|
| Alcoholics | |
| Aspiration | |
| Cystic fibrosis | |
| Immunocompromised | |
| Intravenous drug users | |
| Nosocomial (hospital acquired) [6] | Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Streptococcus species Klebsiella pneumoniae Enterobacter species Acinetobacter species |
| Postviral |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.
- ↑ Webber S, Wilkinson AR, Lindsell D, Hope PL, Dobson SR, Isaacs D (1990). "Neonatal pneumonia". Arch Dis Child. 65 (2): 207–11. doi:10.1136/adc.65.2.207. PMC 1792235. PMID 2107797.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Nguyen TK, Tran TH, Roberts CL, Graham SM, Marais BJ (2017). "Child pneumonia - focus on the Western Pacific Region". Paediatr Respir Rev. 21: 102–110. doi:10.1016/j.prrv.2016.07.004. PMC 7106312 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 27569107. - ↑ Eshwara VK, Mukhopadhyay C, Rello J (2020). "Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults: An update". Indian J Med Res. 151 (4): 287–302. doi:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19. PMC 7371062 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32461392 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Henig O, Kaye KS (2017). "Bacterial Pneumonia in Older Adults". Infect Dis Clin North Am. 31 (4): 689–713. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.015. PMC 7127502 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 28916385. - ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30571062.