Bacterial pneumonia epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*Pneumonia is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but pneumonia related deaths have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions.<ref name="pmid27633638">{{cite journal| author=Roomaney RA, Pillay-van Wyk V, Awotiwon OF, Dhansay A, Groenewald P, Joubert JD | display-authors=etal| title=Epidemiology of lower respiratory infection and pneumonia in South Africa (1997-2015): a systematic review protocol. | journal=BMJ Open | year= 2016 | volume= 6 | issue= 9 | pages= e012154 | pmid=27633638 | doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012154 | pmc=5030548 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27633638 }} </ref> | *[[Pneumonia]] is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but pneumonia related deaths have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions.<ref name="pmid27633638">{{cite journal| author=Roomaney RA, Pillay-van Wyk V, Awotiwon OF, Dhansay A, Groenewald P, Joubert JD | display-authors=etal| title=Epidemiology of lower respiratory infection and pneumonia in South Africa (1997-2015): a systematic review protocol. | journal=BMJ Open | year= 2016 | volume= 6 | issue= 9 | pages= e012154 | pmid=27633638 | doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012154 | pmc=5030548 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27633638 }} </ref> | ||
*Pneumonia case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'' cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison. | *[[Pneumonia]] case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison. Specifications regarding geography are of considerable importance in regards to [[fungal pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
==='''Incidence'''=== | ==='''Incidence'''=== | ||
*Approximately 5 million people are affected every year in the United States alone, with outpatients making up the majority at 80% but having a low mortality rate of 1%. Up to half of the patients that are admitted into hospitals succumb to the disease.<ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *Approximately 5 million people are affected every year in the United States alone, with outpatients making up the majority at 80% but having a low mortality rate of 1%. Up to half of the patients that are admitted into hospitals succumb to the disease.<ref name="pmid30020693">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=30020693 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
*Worldwide, the incidence of community acquired pneumonia averages 1.5-14 cases per every 1000 individuals.<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *Worldwide, the incidence of [[community acquired pneumonia]] averages 1.5-14 cases per every 1000 individuals.<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
*The incidence in the United States is approximately 25 cases per 10,000 adults.<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *The [[incidence]] in the United States is approximately 25 cases per 10,000 adults.<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
*The CDC estimates that ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'' alone is responsible for nearly 150,000 hospitalizations in the United States annually.<ref name="cdc">{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/clinicians/clinical-features.html| title=CDC Pneumococcal Disease Clinical Features}} </ref> | *The CDC estimates that ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' alone is responsible for nearly 150,000 hospitalizations in the United States annually.<ref name="cdc">{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/clinicians/clinical-features.html| title=CDC Pneumococcal Disease Clinical Features}} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 03:39, 29 January 2022
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz
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Overview
- Pneumonia is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but pneumonia related deaths have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions.[1]
- Pneumonia case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of Streptococcus pneumoniae cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison. Specifications regarding geography are of considerable importance in regards to fungal pneumonia.[2]
Incidence
- Approximately 5 million people are affected every year in the United States alone, with outpatients making up the majority at 80% but having a low mortality rate of 1%. Up to half of the patients that are admitted into hospitals succumb to the disease.[3]
- Worldwide, the incidence of community acquired pneumonia averages 1.5-14 cases per every 1000 individuals.[2]
- The incidence in the United States is approximately 25 cases per 10,000 adults.[2]
- The CDC estimates that Streptococcus pneumoniae alone is responsible for nearly 150,000 hospitalizations in the United States annually.[4]
References
- ↑ Roomaney RA, Pillay-van Wyk V, Awotiwon OF, Dhansay A, Groenewald P, Joubert JD; et al. (2016). "Epidemiology of lower respiratory infection and pneumonia in South Africa (1997-2015): a systematic review protocol". BMJ Open. 6 (9): e012154. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012154. PMC 5030548. PMID 27633638.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 28613500.
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.
- ↑ "CDC Pneumococcal Disease Clinical Features".