Cardiac tumors echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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! Tumor !! Findings | ! Tumor !! Findings | ||
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| Myxoma || Myxoma appears as a heterogeneous, dynamic mass with one of two fundamental morphologies | | '''[[Myxoma]]''' || Myxoma appears as a heterogeneous, dynamic mass with one of two fundamental morphologies | ||
*Polypoid myxomas have a bigger size, smooth exterior and a jagged center from hemorrhage and necrosis. | *Polypoid myxomas have a bigger size, smooth exterior and a jagged center from hemorrhage and necrosis. | ||
*Papillary myxomas are often narrower and have an elongated look with numerous villi.<ref name="pmid17698701">{{cite journal| author=Lee VH, Connolly HM, Brown RD| title=Central nervous system manifestations of cardiac myxoma. | journal=Arch Neurol | year= 2007 | volume= 64 | issue= 8 | pages= 1115-20 | pmid=17698701 | doi=10.1001/archneur.64.8.1115 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17698701 }} </ref> | *Papillary myxomas are often narrower and have an elongated look with numerous villi.<ref name="pmid17698701">{{cite journal| author=Lee VH, Connolly HM, Brown RD| title=Central nervous system manifestations of cardiac myxoma. | journal=Arch Neurol | year= 2007 | volume= 64 | issue= 8 | pages= 1115-20 | pmid=17698701 | doi=10.1001/archneur.64.8.1115 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17698701 }} </ref> | ||
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|Papillary Fibroelastoma || Echocardiographic characteristics | |'''[[Papillary Fibroelastoma]]''' || Echocardiographic characteristics | ||
*are tiny size, autonomous movement, and endocardial adherence. | *are tiny size, autonomous movement, and endocardial adherence. | ||
*The margins seem stippled or glistening, particularly on TEE, due to agitation at the tumor–blood contact caused by finger-like extensions.<ref name="pmid9283541">{{cite journal| author=Klarich KW, Enriquez-Sarano M, Gura GM, Edwards WD, Tajik AJ, Seward JB| title=Papillary fibroelastoma: echocardiographic characteristics for diagnosis and pathologic correlation. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1997 | volume= 30 | issue= 3 | pages= 784-90 | pmid=9283541 | doi=10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00211-8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9283541 }} </ref> | *The margins seem stippled or glistening, particularly on TEE, due to agitation at the tumor–blood contact caused by finger-like extensions.<ref name="pmid9283541">{{cite journal| author=Klarich KW, Enriquez-Sarano M, Gura GM, Edwards WD, Tajik AJ, Seward JB| title=Papillary fibroelastoma: echocardiographic characteristics for diagnosis and pathologic correlation. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1997 | volume= 30 | issue= 3 | pages= 784-90 | pmid=9283541 | doi=10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00211-8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9283541 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Rhabdomyoma || On the echocardiography, | | '''[[Rhabdomyoma]]''' || On the echocardiography, | ||
*they may look like tiny, well-circumscribed (many) clusters or a pedunculated bulge in the heart cavity. | *they may look like tiny, well-circumscribed (many) clusters or a pedunculated bulge in the heart cavity. | ||
*They manifest brighter than the surrounding tissue with myocardial embedding.<ref name="pmid2239731">{{cite journal| author=Smythe JF, Dyck JD, Smallhorn JF, Freedom RM| title=Natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infancy and childhood. | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 1990 | volume= 66 | issue= 17 | pages= 1247-9 | pmid=2239731 | doi=10.1016/0002-9149(90)91109-j | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2239731 }} </ref> | *They manifest brighter than the surrounding tissue with myocardial embedding.<ref name="pmid2239731">{{cite journal| author=Smythe JF, Dyck JD, Smallhorn JF, Freedom RM| title=Natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infancy and childhood. | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 1990 | volume= 66 | issue= 17 | pages= 1247-9 | pmid=2239731 | doi=10.1016/0002-9149(90)91109-j | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2239731 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Fibroma || They typically present as | | '''[[Fibroma]]''' || They typically present as | ||
*precise, well-defined, noncontractile, compact, and substantially echogenic tumors inside the myocardial tissue on echocardiography. | *precise, well-defined, noncontractile, compact, and substantially echogenic tumors inside the myocardial tissue on echocardiography. | ||
*Calcification could also develop. | *Calcification could also develop. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Lipoma || Lipomas are often | | '''[[Lipoma]]''' || Lipomas are often | ||
*large, stationary, devoid of a pedicle, and well-contained on echocardiography. | *large, stationary, devoid of a pedicle, and well-contained on echocardiography. | ||
*They are uniform and calcification-free, hyperechoic in the myocardial cavity but hypoechoic in the pericardium.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | *They are uniform and calcification-free, hyperechoic in the myocardial cavity but hypoechoic in the pericardium.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Hemangioma || Because hemangiomas are composed of distended vascular vessels, they exhibit on echocardiography as an echogenic mass with echolucencies. | | '''[[Hemangioma]]''' || Because hemangiomas are composed of distended vascular vessels, they exhibit on echocardiography as an echogenic mass with echolucencies. | ||
*They can be present in the endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, or pericardium and are typically observed in the free wall of the right ventricle or the lateral wall of the left ventricle.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | *They can be present in the endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, or pericardium and are typically observed in the free wall of the right ventricle or the lateral wall of the left ventricle.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Lymphoma || Lymphomas can emerge as | | '''[[Lymphoma]]''' || Lymphomas can emerge as | ||
*uniform, penetrating aggregates that cause 'wall stiffening' and limiting hemodynamics or as granular masses that penetrate the cardiac chamber, particularly the right atrium on echocardiography.<ref name="pmid20227122">{{cite journal| author=Miguel CE, Bestetti RB| title=Primary cardiac lymphoma. | journal=Int J Cardiol | year= 2011 | volume= 149 | issue= 3 | pages= 358-63 | pmid=20227122 | doi=10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.02.016 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20227122 }} </ref> | *uniform, penetrating aggregates that cause 'wall stiffening' and limiting hemodynamics or as granular masses that penetrate the cardiac chamber, particularly the right atrium on echocardiography.<ref name="pmid20227122">{{cite journal| author=Miguel CE, Bestetti RB| title=Primary cardiac lymphoma. | journal=Int J Cardiol | year= 2011 | volume= 149 | issue= 3 | pages= 358-63 | pmid=20227122 | doi=10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.02.016 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20227122 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Angiosarcoma || They appear on echocardiography | | '''[[Angiosarcoma]]''' || They appear on echocardiography | ||
*as lobulated heterogeneous aggregates with necrosis or bleeding. | *as lobulated heterogeneous aggregates with necrosis or bleeding. | ||
*They lack a stalk, which distinguishes them from Myxomas and Papillary Fibroelastomas. | *They lack a stalk, which distinguishes them from Myxomas and Papillary Fibroelastomas. | ||
*Due to the presence of spindle cells, contrast echocardiography may not always detect a considerable increase, even when vascular.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | *Due to the presence of spindle cells, contrast echocardiography may not always detect a considerable increase, even when vascular.<ref name="pmid27600455">{{cite journal| author=Mankad R, Herrmann J| title=Cardiac tumors: echo assessment. | journal=Echo Res Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 4 | pages= R65-R77 | pmid=27600455 | doi=10.1530/ERP-16-0035 | pmc=5292983 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27600455 }} </ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Mesothelioma || Often, echocardiography | |'''[[Mesothelioma]]''' || Often, echocardiography | ||
*demonstrates a pericardial effusion and a tumor surrounding the heart; a distinct lesion might not be detected.<ref name="pmid10903697">{{cite journal| author=Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR| title=Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. | journal=Radiographics | year= 2000 | volume= 20 | issue= 4 | pages= 1073-103; quiz 1110-1, 1112 | pmid=10903697 | doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10903697 }} </ref> | *demonstrates a pericardial effusion and a tumor surrounding the heart; a distinct lesion might not be detected.<ref name="pmid10903697">{{cite journal| author=Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR| title=Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. | journal=Radiographics | year= 2000 | volume= 20 | issue= 4 | pages= 1073-103; quiz 1110-1, 1112 | pmid=10903697 | doi=10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10903697 }} </ref> | ||
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Revision as of 23:25, 17 May 2022
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Template:Dj
Overview
Echocardiography findings in Cardiac tumors
- Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of cardiac tumors. Findings on an echocardiography suggestive of different cardiac tumors include:
| Tumor | Findings |
|---|---|
| Myxoma | Myxoma appears as a heterogeneous, dynamic mass with one of two fundamental morphologies
|
| Papillary Fibroelastoma | Echocardiographic characteristics
|
| Rhabdomyoma | On the echocardiography,
|
| Fibroma | They typically present as
|
| Lipoma | Lipomas are often
|
| Hemangioma | Because hemangiomas are composed of distended vascular vessels, they exhibit on echocardiography as an echogenic mass with echolucencies.
|
| Lymphoma | Lymphomas can emerge as
|
| Angiosarcoma | They appear on echocardiography
|
| Mesothelioma | Often, echocardiography
|
References
- ↑ Lee VH, Connolly HM, Brown RD (2007). "Central nervous system manifestations of cardiac myxoma". Arch Neurol. 64 (8): 1115–20. doi:10.1001/archneur.64.8.1115. PMID 17698701.
- ↑ Klarich KW, Enriquez-Sarano M, Gura GM, Edwards WD, Tajik AJ, Seward JB (1997). "Papillary fibroelastoma: echocardiographic characteristics for diagnosis and pathologic correlation". J Am Coll Cardiol. 30 (3): 784–90. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00211-8. PMID 9283541.
- ↑ Smythe JF, Dyck JD, Smallhorn JF, Freedom RM (1990). "Natural history of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infancy and childhood". Am J Cardiol. 66 (17): 1247–9. doi:10.1016/0002-9149(90)91109-j. PMID 2239731.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Mankad R, Herrmann J (2016). "Cardiac tumors: echo assessment". Echo Res Pract. 3 (4): R65–R77. doi:10.1530/ERP-16-0035. PMC 5292983. PMID 27600455.
- ↑ Miguel CE, Bestetti RB (2011). "Primary cardiac lymphoma". Int J Cardiol. 149 (3): 358–63. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.02.016. PMID 20227122.
- ↑ Grebenc ML, Rosado de Christenson ML, Burke AP, Green CE, Galvin JR (2000). "Primary cardiac and pericardial neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics. 20 (4): 1073–103, quiz 1110-1, 1112. doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.4.g00jl081073. PMID 10903697.