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* [[Eczema]] cannot be [[cured]], but it is not [[contagious]].
* [[Eczema]] cannot be [[cured]], but it is not [[contagious]].
* This is usually associated with [[allergy]].
* This is usually associated with [[allergy]].


==What are the symptoms of Eczema?==
==What are the symptoms of Eczema?==
Because Eczema is a set of clinical characteristics and not a single disease, there are many different symptoms. All of them involve inflammation of the skin. The symptoms for the more common ones are:
*[[Eczema]] can present as:
**severe [[itchiness]]
**[[Skin]] [[color]] changes
**Flakiness of the skin
**Small bumps
* [[Infants]] and [[children]] - [[lesions]] are found on the [[neck]], [[head]], [[cheeks]], [[scalp]], front of the [[arms]] and [[legs]].
*[[Adolescents]] and [[adults]] - [[lesions]] are distributed mainly on [[elbow]] creases, lateral portion of the [[neck]], and back of the [[knees]].  <ref name="pmid30475283">{{cite journal| author=Maliyar K, Sibbald C, Pope E, Gary Sibbald R| title=Diagnosis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review. | journal=Adv Skin Wound Care | year= 2018 | volume= 31 | issue= 12 | pages= 538-550 | pmid=30475283 | doi=10.1097/01.ASW.0000547414.38888.8d | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30475283  }} </ref>
 


*Atopic Eczema (most common form, thought to be genetic and linked to asthma)
**Itchy rash is particularly noticeable on head and scalp, neck, inside of elbows, behind knees, and buttocks.
*Contact dermatitis
**Allergic: delayed rash caused by an allergen (poison ivy, nickel, etc.)
**Irritant: direct reaction caused by an irritant (ex. types of detergent)
*Xerotic Eczema
**Extremely cracked and dry skin that develops into a rash. More common in older population.
*Seborrhoeic dermatitis
**Closely related to dandruff. Dry or greasy peeling of scalp, eyebrows, face, and sometimes trunk.


==Treatment options==
==Treatment options==
There is no cure, but there are a number of treatments for reducing the inflammation and itchiness:
*[[Eczema]] can be [[treated]] with:
**[[Moisturizers]]
**[[Steroids]]
**[[Antihistamines]]
**[[Light therapy]]
 


*Corticosteroids, with varying strength depending on severity of the Eczema. May have side effects such as thinning of the skin, HPA axis suppression, and skin infections. Not recommended for preventative use.
*Skin Barrier Emulsions, a non-steroidal cream made up of ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol intended to help repair damaged skin.
*Immunomodulators, reduces immune system in affected areas. Thought to possibly contribute to lymph node or skin cancer. Immunesuppressants are sometimes used in severe cases of eczema.
*Antibiotics for any infection made possible by damaged skin.
*Anti-itch drugs


==Diseases with similar symptoms==
==Diseases with similar symptoms==
Because Eczema is sometimes triggered by food, food allergies and eczema are often confused.
*Several [[diseases]] can present similarly with [[eczema]].
* These include some [[inflammatory]] [[diseases]], [[cancer]], and [[nutritional deficiency]].
 
 


==Where to find medical care for Eczema==
==Where to find medical care for Eczema==
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;hl=en&amp;geocode=&amp;q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Eczema}}}}&amp;sll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;sspn=65.008093,112.148438&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;spn=91.690419,149.414063&amp;z=2&amp;source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Eczema]
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;hl=en&amp;geocode=&amp;q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Eczema}}}}&amp;sll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;sspn=65.008093,112.148438&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;spn=91.690419,149.414063&amp;z=2&amp;source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Eczema]


==Prevention of Eczema==
==Prevention of Eczema==
*Having a proper [[skin]] [[care]] using [[moisturizers]] most especially during [[cold]] or [[dry]] seasons.
*To avoid worsening of an ongoing [[eczema]], avoid [[stress]], sudden changes in [[temperature]], wool or other synthetic fabrics.


*People with eczema, or people who live with someone who has eczema, who are not in danger of smallpox are recommended not to get the smallpox vaccination, as it can cause vaccinial lesions.
*Moisturizing to avoid dry skin. Avoiding soaps and hard detergents.
*Environmental measures, such as avoiding dust mites.
*Light therapy using UVA or UVB light.
*Diet. Patients may have individual dietary triggers to eczema.


==Sources==
==Sources==
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*[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eczema.html#cat1 Medline]
*[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eczema.html#cat1 Medline]


==References==
 
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}



Revision as of 19:48, 25 May 2022

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Editor-in-Chief: Ethan Leeman, Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

What is Eczema?

typical, mild eczema



What are the symptoms of Eczema?


Treatment options


Diseases with similar symptoms


Where to find medical care for Eczema

Directions to Hospitals Treating Eczema


Prevention of Eczema


Sources


  1. Maliyar K, Sibbald C, Pope E, Gary Sibbald R (2018). "Diagnosis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review". Adv Skin Wound Care. 31 (12): 538–550. doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000547414.38888.8d. PMID 30475283.

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