Triple M Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a form of immunotherapy that gained FDA approval in 2011. These medications are accompanied by various side effects. Among these, Triple M emerges as a rare yet lethal side effect linked to checkpoint inhibitors. The initial documented instance of Triple M occurred in 2016. | Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a form of immunotherapy that gained FDA approval in 2011. These medications are accompanied by various side effects. Among these, Triple M emerges as a rare yet lethal side effect linked to checkpoint inhibitors. The initial documented instance of Triple M occurred in 2016.<ref name="pmid34378270">{{cite journal|author=Pathak R, Katel A, Massarelli E, Villaflor VM, Sun V, Salgia R|title=Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis with Myositis/Myasthenia Gravis Overlap Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Cases.|journal=Oncologist|year=2021|volume=26|issue=12|pages=1052-1061|pmid=34378270|doi=10.1002/onco.13931|pmc=8649039|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=34378270}}</ref> | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Revision as of 04:22, 10 August 2023
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WikiDoc Resources for Triple M Syndrome |
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Articles |
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Most recent articles on Triple M Syndrome Most cited articles on Triple M Syndrome |
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Media |
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Powerpoint slides on Triple M Syndrome |
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Evidence Based Medicine |
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Cochrane Collaboration on Triple M Syndrome |
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Clinical Trials |
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Ongoing Trials on Triple M Syndrome at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Triple M Syndrome Clinical Trials on Triple M Syndrome at Google
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Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Triple M Syndrome NICE Guidance on Triple M Syndrome
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Books |
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News |
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Commentary |
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Definitions |
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Patient Resources / Community |
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Patient resources on Triple M Syndrome Discussion groups on Triple M Syndrome Patient Handouts on Triple M Syndrome Directions to Hospitals Treating Triple M Syndrome Risk calculators and risk factors for Triple M Syndrome
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Healthcare Provider Resources |
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Causes & Risk Factors for Triple M Syndrome |
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Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
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International |
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Business |
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Experimental / Informatics |
For patient information, click Insert page name here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Muhammad Waleed, M.B.B.S.[2]
Synonyms and keywords: myocarditis with myositis and/or myasthenia gravis overlap syndrome (IM3OS)
Overview
Myocarditis-myositis-myasthenia gravis (Triple-M) overlap syndrome occurs as a rare complication in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).
Historical Perspective
Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a form of immunotherapy that gained FDA approval in 2011. These medications are accompanied by various side effects. Among these, Triple M emerges as a rare yet lethal side effect linked to checkpoint inhibitors. The initial documented instance of Triple M occurred in 2016.[1]
Classification
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
Microscopic Pathology
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- A...
- Z...
Make sure that each diagnosis is linked to a page.
Differentiating type page name here from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
Gender
Race
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
If available, the diagnostic criteria are provided here.
History
A directed history should be obtained to ascertain
Symptoms
"Type symptom here" is pathognomonic of the "type disease name here".
"Type non specific symptoms" may be present.
Past Medical History
Family History
Social History
Occupational
Alcohol
The frequency and amount of alcohol consumption should be characterized.
Drug Use
Smoking
Allergies
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
Vital Signs
Skin
Head
Eyes
Ear
Nose
Mouth
Throat
Heart
Lungs
Abdomen
Extremities
Neurologic
Genitals
Other
Laboratory Findings
Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
CT
MRI
Echocardiography or Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Pharmacotherapy
Acute Pharmacotherapies
Chronic Pharmacotherapies
Surgery and Device Based Therapy
Indications for Surgery
Pre-Operative Assessment
Post-Operative Management
Transplantation
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
References
- ↑ Pathak R, Katel A, Massarelli E, Villaflor VM, Sun V, Salgia R (2021). "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis with Myositis/Myasthenia Gravis Overlap Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Cases". Oncologist. 26 (12): 1052–1061. doi:10.1002/onco.13931. PMC 8649039 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 34378270 Check|pmid=value (help).