Heparin pharmacokinetics and molecular data

Heparin is a heterogenous group of straight-chain anionic mucopolysaccharides, called glycosaminoglycans, having anticoagulant properties. Although others may be present, the main sugars occurring in Heparin are:

(1) α-L-iduronic acid 2-sulfate,

(2) 2-deoxy-2-sulfamino-α-D-glucose 6-sulfate,

(3) β-D-glucuronic acid,

(4) 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucose, and

(5) α-L-iduronic acid.

These sugars are present in decreasing amounts, usually in the order (2)> (1)> (4)> (3)> (5), and are joined by glycosidic linkages, forming polymers of varying sizes. Heparin is strongly acidic because of its content of covalently linked sulfate and carboxylic acid groups. In Heparin sodium, the acidic protons of the sulfate units are partially replaced by sodium ions.

Heparin Sodium Injection, USP is a sterile solution of Heparin sodium derived from porcine intestinal mucosa, standardized for anticoagulant activity. It is to be administered by intravenous or deep subcutaneous routes. The potency is determined by a biological assay using a USP reference standard based on units of Heparin activity per milligram.

Carpuject sterile cartridge unit contains a sterile solution of Heparin Sodium Injection, USP. Each mL contains 2.500 USP or 5,000 USP Heparin units of Heparin sodium and benzyl alcohol 1% as a preservative, in Water for Injection. The pH is adjusted between 5.0 to 7.5 with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.

Each mL of Preservative-Free Heparin Sodium Injection contains 10.000 USP Heparin units in Water for Injection. The pH is adjusted between 5.0 to 7.5 with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide as required.