Toxic shock syndrome (patient information)

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What are the symptoms of Toxic shock syndrome?

• Confusion
• Diarrhea
• General ill-feeling
• Headaches
• High fever, sometimes accompanied by chills
• Low blood pressure
• Muscle aches
• Nausea and vomiting
• Organ failure (usually kidneys and liver)
• Redness of eyes, mouth, throat
• Seizures
• Widespread red rash that looks like a sunburn -- skin peeling occurs 1 or 2 weeks after the rash, particularly on the palms of the hand or bottom of the feet

Who is at risk for Toxic shock syndrome?

Risk factors include:

• Childbirth
• Current Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection
• Foreign bodies or packings (such as those used to stop nosebleeds)
• Menstruation
• Surgery
• Tampon use (particularly if you leave on in for a long time)
• Use of barrier contraceptives such as a diaphragm or vaginal sponge

When to seek urgent medical care

Toxic shock syndrome is a medical emergency. You must seek immediate attention if you develop fever or rash, particularly during menstruation and tampon use, or if you have had recent surgery.

Where to find medical care for yourdisease

Directions to Hospitals Treating Toxic shock syndrome

Prevention of Toxic shock syndrome

Menstrual toxic shock syndrome can be prevented by avoiding the use of highly absorbent tampons. You can reduce your risk by changing tampons more frequently and using tampons only once in a while (not regularly) during menstruation.

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)

Toxic shock syndrome may be deadly in up to 50% of cases. The condition may return in those that survive.

Possible Complications

• Severe organ dysfunction:

• Kidney failure
• Heart failure
• Liver failure

• Shock