Arthroplasty

WikiDoc Resources for Arthroplasty
Articles
Most recent articles on Arthroplasty Most cited articles on Arthroplasty Review articles on Arthroplasty Articles on Arthroplasty in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Arthroplasty Images of Arthroplasty Photos of Arthroplasty Podcasts & MP3s on Arthroplasty Videos on Arthroplasty
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Arthroplasty Bandolier on Arthroplasty TRIP on Arthroplasty
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Arthroplasty at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Arthroplasty Clinical Trials on Arthroplasty at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Arthroplasty NICE Guidance on Arthroplasty NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Arthroplasty CDC on Arthroplasty
Books
Books on Arthroplasty
News
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Commentary
Blogs on Arthroplasty
Definitions
Definitions of Arthroplasty
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Arthroplasty Discussion groups on Arthroplasty Patient Handouts on Arthroplasty Directions to Hospitals Treating Arthroplasty Risk calculators and risk factors for Arthroplasty
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Arthroplasty Causes & Risk Factors for Arthroplasty Diagnostic studies for Arthroplasty Treatment of Arthroplasty
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Arthroplasty
International
Arthroplasty en Espanol Arthroplasty en Francais
Business
Arthroplasty in the Marketplace Patents on Arthroplasty
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Arthroplasty

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Overview

Arthroplasty (literally "formation of joint") is an operative procedure of orthopaedic surgery performed, in which the arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling or realigning the joint by osteotomy or some other procedure. Previously, a popular form of arthroplasty was interpositional arthroplasty with interposition of some other tissue like skin, muscle or tendon to keep inflammatory surfaces apart or excisional arthroplasty in which the joint surface and bone was removed leaving scar tissue to fill in the gap. Other forms of arthroplasty include resection(al) arthroplasty, resurfacing arthroplasty, mold arthroplasty, cup arthroplasty, silicone replacement arthroplasty, etc. Osteotomy to restore or modify joint congruity is also an arthroplasty.

For the last 45 years the most successful and common form of arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of arthritic or destructive or necrotic joint or joint surface with prosthesis. For example a hip joint that is affected by osteoarthritis may be replaced entirely (total hip arthroplasty) with a prosthetic hip. This would involve replacing both the acetabulum (hip socket) and the head and neck of the femur. The purpose of this procedure is to relieve pain, to restore range of motion and to improve walking ability, thus leading to the improvement of muscle strength.

Indications for arthroplasty include:

• osteoarthritis (OA)
• rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
• avascular necrosis (AVN) or osteonecrosis (ON)
• congenital dislocation of the hip joint (CDH)
• acetabular dysplasia (shallow hip socket)
• frozen shoulder, loose shoulder
• traumatized and malaligned joint
• joint stiffness