Aortic insufficiency cardiac catheterization: Difference between revisions
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'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S. | '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S. | ||
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The pigtail catheter is placed a few centimeters above the aortic root. Grading | ==Performance of Aortography== | ||
The pigtail catheter is placed a few centimeters above the aortic root. The image intensifier is place in the 45 degree left anterior oblique view with no cranial or caudal angulation. Usually a total of 40 to 50 cc of dye is injected with approximately 20 cc administered every second. You should tell the patient that they can expect a warm feeling throughout their body. | |||
==Grading Aortic Insufficiency== | |||
The grade of aortic insufficiency is based on the opacification of the left ventricle 2 complete cardiac cycles after injection compared to that of the aortic root. | |||
===Grade 1=== | ===Grade 1=== | ||
Brief and incomplete ventricular opacification. Clears rapidly. | Brief and incomplete ventricular opacification. Clears rapidly. | ||
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===Grade 2=== | ===Grade 2=== | ||
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<googlevideo>2835396102193538399&hl=en</googlevideo> 2+ AI Marfan Syndrome | <googlevideo>2835396102193538399&hl=en</googlevideo> 2+ AI Marfan Syndrome | ||
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===Grade 3=== | ===Grade 3=== | ||
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<googlevideo>-7844772248158567311&hl=en</googlevideo> 3+ AI | <googlevideo>-7844772248158567311&hl=en</googlevideo> 3+ AI | ||
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===Grade 4=== | ===Grade 4=== | ||
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<googlevideo>1323435585463870537&hl=en</googlevideo> 4+ AI | <googlevideo>1323435585463870537&hl=en</googlevideo> 4+ AI | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 15:12, 19 March 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.
Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [3] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Performance of Aortography
The pigtail catheter is placed a few centimeters above the aortic root. The image intensifier is place in the 45 degree left anterior oblique view with no cranial or caudal angulation. Usually a total of 40 to 50 cc of dye is injected with approximately 20 cc administered every second. You should tell the patient that they can expect a warm feeling throughout their body.
Grading Aortic Insufficiency
The grade of aortic insufficiency is based on the opacification of the left ventricle 2 complete cardiac cycles after injection compared to that of the aortic root.
Grade 1
Brief and incomplete ventricular opacification. Clears rapidly.
Grade 2
Moderate opacification of the ventricle that clears in less that 2 cycles. Never greater than aortic root opacification.
<googlevideo>2835396102193538399&hl=en</googlevideo> 2+ AI Marfan Syndrome
Grade 3
Opacification of the ventricle equal to aortic root opacification within 2 cycles. Delayed clearing of ventricle over several cycles.
<googlevideo>-7844772248158567311&hl=en</googlevideo> 3+ AI
Grade 4
Opacification of the ventricle almost immediately that is greater than that of the aortic root with delayed clearing of the ventricle.
<googlevideo>1323435585463870537&hl=en</googlevideo> 4+ AI