Pulmonic regurgitation: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 29: | Line 29: | ||
==[[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Diagnosis]]== | ==[[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Diagnosis]]== | ||
[[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Symptoms]] | [[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Physical Examination]] | [[Electrocardiogram]] |[[Chest X-Ray]] | [[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Symptoms]] | [[Pulmonic regurgitation diagnosis | Physical Examination]] | [[Electrocardiogram]] |[[Chest X-Ray]] | [[Echocardiography]] : [[Pulmonic regurgitation M-Mode echocardiography | M-mode echocardiography]], [[Two dimensional echocardiography | 2-D Echocardiography]], [[Pulmonic regurgitation Doppler echocardiography | Doppler echocardiography]] | [[Pulmonic regurgitation pulmonary angiography | Pulmonary angiography]] | ||
[[Echocardiography]] : [[Pulmonic regurgitation M-Mode echocardiography | M-mode echocardiography]], [[Two dimensional echocardiography | 2-D Echocardiography]], [[Pulmonic regurgitation Doppler echocardiography | Doppler echocardiography]] | |||
[[Pulmonic regurgitation pulmonary angiography]] | |||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Revision as of 20:49, 22 June 2011
| Pulmonic regurgitation | |
| ICD-10 | I37.1, Q22.2 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 424.3, 746.09 |
| DiseasesDB | 11014 |
| eMedicine | med/1964 |
| MeSH | D011665 |
| Cardiology Network |
 Discuss Pulmonic regurgitation further in the WikiDoc Cardiology Network |
| Adult Congenital |
|---|
| Biomarkers |
| Cardiac Rehabilitation |
| Congestive Heart Failure |
| CT Angiography |
| Echocardiography |
| Electrophysiology |
| Cardiology General |
| Genetics |
| Health Economics |
| Hypertension |
| Interventional Cardiology |
| MRI |
| Nuclear Cardiology |
| Peripheral Arterial Disease |
| Prevention |
| Public Policy |
| Pulmonary Embolism |
| Stable Angina |
| Valvular Heart Disease |
| Vascular Medicine |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Synonyms and related terms: Pulmonary Insufficiency, Pulmonary Incompetence, Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation, Pulmonary Regurgitation, Pulmonary Valve Incompetence.
Pulmonary valve insufficiency (or incompetence, or regurgitation) is a condition where the pulmonary valve is not strong enough to prevent backflow into the right ventricle. Nearly all individuals have physiologic (trace-to-mild) pulmonic regurgitation, and the incidence increases with advancing age.
Pathophysiology
Differential diagnosis of underlying causes
Diagnosis
Symptoms | Physical Examination | Electrocardiogram |Chest X-Ray | Echocardiography : M-mode echocardiography, 2-D Echocardiography, Doppler echocardiography | Pulmonary angiography
Treatment
If the patient develops right-sided heart failure that is refractory to medical management, pulmonic valve repair or replacement (preferably with a bio prosthetic valve) may be necessary.
Patients with pulmonic regurgitation who become pregnant usually tolerate pulmonic regurgitation well. Exceptions to this rule include, those patients who have undergone surgical repairs for tetralogy of Fallot.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
The American Heart Association Recommendations on Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis indicate that antibiotic prophylaxis is not necessary for pulmonic regurgitation in those patients with otherwise structurally normal pulmonic valves, particularly if there is no diastolic murmur. It should be noted, though, that those patients with the following conditions may warrant antibiotic prophylaxis:
- Complex cyanotic heart disease
- Prosthetic heart valves
- Patients with congenital heart disease and pulmonic regurgitation
- Acquired pulmonic valve regurgitation as the result of rheumatic heart disease
- Patients with complex cyanotic heart disease
- In patients who have previously sustained bacterial endocarditis
Prognosis
Patient survival depends upon the underlying etiology of the pulmonic regurgitation. Among patients with pulmonary hypertension, the severity and duration of the pulmonary hypertension will be determinants of the ultimate prognosis. Patients with congenital absence of the pulmonic valve have severe regurgitation and this may limit their life expectancy if the valve is not replaced. Mild to moderate pulmonic regurgitation is not associated with shortened survival.