Atrial septal defect echocardiography modalities: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
In addition to determining the size and location of the defect through standard echocardiography techniques, it is imperative to determine if other defects exist namely cleft mitral valve or anomalous pulmonary veins. Researchers have developed specific techniques for atrial septal defect identification. The purpose of each technique is to utilize dimensional imaging to identify various attributes of the atrial septal defect in terms of spacial and planar characteristics. Often, Doppler measurements are used to estimate the right pulmonary pressures as well as the direction of flow across the defect. | In addition to determining the size and location of the defect through standard echocardiography techniques, it is imperative to determine if other defects exist namely cleft mitral valve or anomalous pulmonary veins. Researchers have developed specific techniques for atrial septal defect identification. The purpose of each technique is to utilize dimensional imaging to identify various attributes of the atrial septal defect in terms of spacial and planar characteristics. Often, Doppler measurements are used to estimate the right pulmonary pressures as well as the direction of flow across the defect. | ||
Other special techniques include | Other special techniques include the following. | ||
==='''The Subcostal Four-Chamber View'''=== | |||
**Key to determine which type of defect exists. | **Key to determine which type of defect exists. | ||
**Necessary to evaluate for anomoulous pulmonary veins. | **Necessary to evaluate for anomoulous pulmonary veins. | ||
**Evaluates for an atrial septal aneurysm. | **Evaluates for an atrial septal aneurysm. | ||
==='''Doppler'''=== | |||
**Used to demonstrate left to right flow. | **Used to demonstrate left to right flow. | ||
**May show false positive shunting as caval flow and incorrectly set gain may appear as left to right flow. | **May show false positive shunting as caval flow and incorrectly set gain may appear as left to right flow. | ||
==='''Contrast echocardiography'''=== | |||
**Often necessary employed to determine presence of intracardiac shunting done in the apical four chamber view. Drawbacks include difficulty in quantifying the size of the shunt as well as false positives in the setting of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. | **Often necessary employed to determine presence of intracardiac shunting done in the apical four chamber view. Drawbacks include difficulty in quantifying the size of the shunt as well as false positives in the setting of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. | ||
**Agitated saline is commonly used as the contrast material. | **Agitated saline is commonly used as the contrast material. | ||
===''''3-D/Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)'''=== | |||
**Used for extensive dimensional imaging | **Used for extensive dimensional imaging | ||
**Utilized to adequately visualize the defect in a multi-planar orientation. | **Utilized to adequately visualize the defect in a multi-planar orientation. | ||
Revision as of 15:57, 26 July 2011
|
Atrial Septal Defect Microchapters | |
|
Treatment | |
|---|---|
|
Surgery | |
|
| |
|
Special Scenarios | |
|
Case Studies | |
|
Atrial septal defect echocardiography modalities On the Web | |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Atrial septal defect echocardiography modalities | |
|
Atrial septal defect echocardiography modalities in the news | |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Atrial septal defect echocardiography modalities | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Claudia Hochberg, M.D.
Associate Editors-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Keri Shafer, M.D. [3]; Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [[4]]
Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[5]]
Overview
Echocardiography may be used as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of an atrial septal defect. As an evaluative tool, echocardiograms can identify functionality issues within the heart's anatomy. The function of echocardiography in identifying atrial septal defect is to: located and number defects, identify direction of shunting, identify associated anomalies, evaluate atrial and ventricular enlargement. As such, specific techniques unique to identifying atrial septal defects may be employed to definitively determine the nature of the defect.
Specific Echocardiography Techniques for ASD
In addition to determining the size and location of the defect through standard echocardiography techniques, it is imperative to determine if other defects exist namely cleft mitral valve or anomalous pulmonary veins. Researchers have developed specific techniques for atrial septal defect identification. The purpose of each technique is to utilize dimensional imaging to identify various attributes of the atrial septal defect in terms of spacial and planar characteristics. Often, Doppler measurements are used to estimate the right pulmonary pressures as well as the direction of flow across the defect.
Other special techniques include the following.
The Subcostal Four-Chamber View
- Key to determine which type of defect exists.
- Necessary to evaluate for anomoulous pulmonary veins.
- Evaluates for an atrial septal aneurysm.
Doppler
- Used to demonstrate left to right flow.
- May show false positive shunting as caval flow and incorrectly set gain may appear as left to right flow.
Contrast echocardiography
- Often necessary employed to determine presence of intracardiac shunting done in the apical four chamber view. Drawbacks include difficulty in quantifying the size of the shunt as well as false positives in the setting of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.
- Agitated saline is commonly used as the contrast material.
'3-D/Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
- Used for extensive dimensional imaging
- Utilized to adequately visualize the defect in a multi-planar orientation.