Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2], Keri Shafer, M.D. [3]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [4]

Overview

In general, children with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) are asymptomatic. Symptoms usually do not arise until adulthood following prolonged volume overload of the right ventricle.

Symptoms

• Palpitations are usually due to supraventricular arrhythmias which in turn are likely due to right atrial dilation.
• Dyspnea may develop in adults as a result of right ventricular volume overload and ensuing cor pulmonale. It has been said that dyspnea may occur earlier in children if over 50% of the pulmonary veins drain anomalously.
• Hemoptysis may reflect the development of pulmonary hypertension and is rare.
• Pedal edema can occur as a result of right ventricular failure or cor pulmonale.