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{{CMG}}
{{Atrial septal defect}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [[mailto:psingh@perfuse.org]]; {{CZ}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [[mailto:kfeeney@perfuse.org]]
 
==Overview==
Trans-cranial doppler ultrasound is a diagnostic tool that involves a simple intravenous injection of saline under minimal sedation. It is utilize to further diagnostically evaluate a patent foramen ovale defect.


==Trans-Cranial Doppler (TCD) Ultrasound==
==Trans-Cranial Doppler (TCD) Ultrasound==
This is a less invasive protocol for finding [[PFO]] or other [[ASD]]s, involves highly-sensitive versions of Trans-Cranial Doppler, or "through the head" doppler ultrasound devices. There is debate as to whether this protocol is the Gold Standard for Finding [[PFO]] and also testing for successful closure of [[PFO]] after closure procedures. The protocol has been adopted as the testing standard in clinical trials of [[PFO]] closure devices and other investigations of the relationship between [[PFO]]-stroke-migraine. This protocol requires no sedation and besides a simple intravenous injection of saline. It is otherwise entirely non-invasive and can be administered by clinicians trained in the protocol and using the appropriately sensitive TCD technology, in well under one hour. At least one clinical study has shown this protocol with the appropriate TCD technology, to be highly accurate in comparison to other current standards of care for finding [[PFO]]. It is also dramatically less expensive than other tests for [[PFO]].
This is a less invasive protocol for finding [[patent foramen ovale|patent foramen ovale (PFO)]] or other atrial septal defectss, involves highly-sensitive versions of Trans-Cranial Doppler, or "through the head" doppler ultrasound devices. There is debate as to whether this protocol is the Gold Standard for Finding [[PFO]] and also testing for successful closure of [[PFO]] after closure procedures. The protocol has been adopted as the testing standard in clinical trials of [[PFO]] closure devices and other investigations of the relationship between [[PFO]]-stroke-migraine. This protocol requires no sedation and besides a simple intravenous injection of saline. It is otherwise entirely non-invasive and can be administered by clinicians trained in the protocol and using the appropriately sensitive TCD technology, in well under one hour. At least one clinical study has shown this protocol with the appropriate TCD technology, to be highly accurate in comparison to other current standards of care for finding [[PFO]]. It is also dramatically less expensive than other tests for [[PFO]].


==References==
==References==
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[[Category: Cardiology]]
[[Category: Cardiology]]
[[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]


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Revision as of 01:57, 19 August 2011

Atrial Septal Defect Microchapters

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Overview

Anatomy

Classification

Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect
Ostium Primum Atrial Septal Defect
Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect
Coronary Sinus
Patent Foramen Ovale
Common or Single Atrium

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]

Overview

Trans-cranial doppler ultrasound is a diagnostic tool that involves a simple intravenous injection of saline under minimal sedation. It is utilize to further diagnostically evaluate a patent foramen ovale defect.

Trans-Cranial Doppler (TCD) Ultrasound

This is a less invasive protocol for finding patent foramen ovale (PFO) or other atrial septal defectss, involves highly-sensitive versions of Trans-Cranial Doppler, or "through the head" doppler ultrasound devices. There is debate as to whether this protocol is the Gold Standard for Finding PFO and also testing for successful closure of PFO after closure procedures. The protocol has been adopted as the testing standard in clinical trials of PFO closure devices and other investigations of the relationship between PFO-stroke-migraine. This protocol requires no sedation and besides a simple intravenous injection of saline. It is otherwise entirely non-invasive and can be administered by clinicians trained in the protocol and using the appropriately sensitive TCD technology, in well under one hour. At least one clinical study has shown this protocol with the appropriate TCD technology, to be highly accurate in comparison to other current standards of care for finding PFO. It is also dramatically less expensive than other tests for PFO.

References

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