Patent foramen ovale echocardiography

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]

Overview

The performance of a bubble study on echocardiography is a simple diagnostic study of choice. On echocardiography, there may not be any shunting of blood (i.e. bubbles may not appear in the left atrium and ventricle) except when the patient coughs.

Patent Foramen Ovale in 2D and 3D Trans-Thoracic Echocardiography and Bubble Study

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Useful Links

Yale Congenital Heart Disease- ASD [5]