Diabetic retinopathy physical examination: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Boat-hemorrhage.jpg|left|thumb|White arrow points to a boat hemorrhage in a dibetic patient. Credit: University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center]] | [[Image:Boat-hemorrhage.jpg|left|thumb|White arrow points to a boat hemorrhage in a dibetic patient. Credit: University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center]] | ||
Boat hemorrhages are rectangular dark red spots of hemorrhage seen on fundoscopic exam. They are frequently observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Boat hemorrhages are due to either capillary or venular leak. The site of hemorrhage is at the interface between the [[retina]] and the [[vitreous humor]]. The contents that leak out are under such high-pressure that they break through the internal liminiting membrane of the retina. {{clr}} | [[Boat hemorrhages]] are rectangular dark red spots of hemorrhage seen on fundoscopic exam. They are frequently observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Boat hemorrhages are due to either capillary or venular leak. The site of hemorrhage is at the interface between the [[retina]] and the [[vitreous humor]]. The contents that leak out are under such high-pressure that they break through the internal liminiting membrane of the retina. {{clr}} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 16:28, 17 September 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
On fundoscopic exam, diabetic retinopathy is characterized by cotton wool spots, flame hemorrhages, dot-blot hemorrhages and boat hemorrhages.
Flame Hemorrhages
Flame hemorrhages are flame shaped hemorrhages located in the superficial nerve fiber layer of the retina that appear dark dark red on fundoscopic examination. Flame hemorrhages are caused by leakage from arterioles due to ischemic damage or from veins that are ischemic or in under high pressure.
Dot Hemorrhages
Dot hemorrhages are dark red round spots of hemorrhage seen on fundoscopic exam. They are frequently observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Dot hemorrhages are due to either capillary or venular leak. The site of hemorrhage is deep within the retina.
Boat Hemorrhages
Boat hemorrhages are rectangular dark red spots of hemorrhage seen on fundoscopic exam. They are frequently observed in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Boat hemorrhages are due to either capillary or venular leak. The site of hemorrhage is at the interface between the retina and the vitreous humor. The contents that leak out are under such high-pressure that they break through the internal liminiting membrane of the retina.
References
External links
- Diabetic Retinopathy Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
- National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
cs:Diabetická retinopatie de:Diabetische Retinopathie nl:Diabetische retinopathie fi:Diabeettinen retinopatia