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* Increased physical activity (such as walking 30 minutes every day),<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE |title=Physical activity in prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome |journal=Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquée, nutrition et métabolisme |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=76-88 |year=2007 |pmid=17332786 |doi=10.1139/h06-113}}</ref> and a healthy, reduced calorie diet.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Feldeisen SE, Tucker KL |title=Nutritional strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome |journal=Appl Physiol Nutr Metab |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=46-60 |year=2007 |pmid=17332784 |doi=10.1139/h06-101}}</ref> | * Increased physical activity (such as walking 30 minutes every day),<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE |title=Physical activity in prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome |journal=Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquée, nutrition et métabolisme |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=76-88 |year=2007 |pmid=17332786 |doi=10.1139/h06-113}}</ref> and a healthy, reduced calorie diet.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Feldeisen SE, Tucker KL |title=Nutritional strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome |journal=Appl Physiol Nutr Metab |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=46-60 |year=2007 |pmid=17332784 |doi=10.1139/h06-101}}</ref> | ||
* Weight reduction | * Weight reduction - Weight reduction helps by increasing insulin sensitivity and HDL-C levels. It also helps in decreasing plasma glucose, plasma LDL-C, plasma triglycerides, blood pressure and inflammatory reactions. Improvement in fibrinolys and endothelial function is also seen. | ||
==Supportive trial data== | ==Supportive trial data== | ||
* There are many studies that support the value of a healthy lifestyle as above. However, one study stated that these measures are effective in only a minority of people. The International Obesity Taskforce states that interventions on a sociopolitical level are required to reduce development of the metabolic syndrome in populations.<ref>{{cite journal |author=James PT, Rigby N, Leach R |title=The obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategies |journal=Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=3-8 |year=2004 |pmid=15167200 |doi=}}</ref> | * There are many studies that support the value of a healthy lifestyle as above. However, one study stated that these measures are effective in only a minority of people. The International Obesity Taskforce states that interventions on a sociopolitical level are required to reduce development of the metabolic syndrome in populations.<ref>{{cite journal |author=James PT, Rigby N, Leach R |title=The obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategies |journal=Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=3-8 |year=2004 |pmid=15167200 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Primary prevention strategies intend to avoid the development of disease. Different strategies like dietary modification, increasing physical activity and weight reduction are found useful in the primary prevention (development) of metabolic syndrome.
Primary Prevention
Metabolic syndrome is formed by a constellation of risk factors like obesity and insulin resistance that increases the risk of a patient for complications like stroke, diabetes and coronary heart diseases. Various strategies have been proposed to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome (primary prevantion). These include:
- Diet and Nutrition: Low sodium High potassium Increased dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products DASH-style diet
- Increased physical activity (such as walking 30 minutes every day),[1] and a healthy, reduced calorie diet.[2]
- Weight reduction - Weight reduction helps by increasing insulin sensitivity and HDL-C levels. It also helps in decreasing plasma glucose, plasma LDL-C, plasma triglycerides, blood pressure and inflammatory reactions. Improvement in fibrinolys and endothelial function is also seen.
Supportive trial data
- There are many studies that support the value of a healthy lifestyle as above. However, one study stated that these measures are effective in only a minority of people. The International Obesity Taskforce states that interventions on a sociopolitical level are required to reduce development of the metabolic syndrome in populations.[3]
- A 2007 study of 2,375 male subjects over 20 years suggested that daily intake of a pint of milk or equivalent dairy products more than halved the risk of metabolic syndrome.[4] Other studies both support and dispute the authors' findings.[5]
See also
References
- ↑ Lakka TA, Laaksonen DE (2007). "Physical activity in prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome". Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquée, nutrition et métabolisme. 32 (1): 76–88. doi:10.1139/h06-113. PMID 17332786.
- ↑ Feldeisen SE, Tucker KL (2007). "Nutritional strategies in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome". Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 32 (1): 46–60. doi:10.1139/h06-101. PMID 17332784.
- ↑ James PT, Rigby N, Leach R (2004). "The obesity epidemic, metabolic syndrome and future prevention strategies". Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 11 (1): 3–8. PMID 15167200.
- ↑ Elwood, PC (2007). "Milk and dairy consumption, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: the Caerphilly prospective study". J Epidemiol Community Health. 61 (8): 695–698. doi:10.1136/jech.2006.053157. PMID 17630368. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=ignored (help) - ↑ Snijder MB, van der Heijden AA, van Dam RM; et al. (2007). "Is higher dairy consumption associated with lower body weight and fewer metabolic disturbances? The Hoorn Study". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 85 (4): 989–95. PMID 17413097.