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{{ | {{Congestive heart failure}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' Saleh El Dassouki, M.D [mailto:seldassouki@hotmail.com] | ||
==Overview of Congestive Heart Failure== | ==Overview of Congestive Heart Failure== | ||
Heart failure is any condition of the heart that results in the inability of the heart to meet the demands of circulation causing insufficient blood flow. It is also defined as a complex clinical syndrome due to abnormalities of the cardiac structure and/or the function that impairs the left ventricle from filling or ejecting blood. | Heart failure is any condition of the heart that results in the inability of the heart to meet the demands of circulation causing insufficient blood flow. It is also defined as a complex clinical syndrome due to abnormalities of the cardiac structure and/or the function that impairs the left ventricle from filling or ejecting blood. | ||
Heart failure is not synonymous with [[cardiomyopathy]] or [[left ventricular dysfunction]], as these are terms used to describe a structural or functional abnormality that could lead to heart failure. Heart failure is as clinical syndrome characterized by specific symptoms ([[dyspnea]] and [[fatigue]]) and signs([[rales]]) upon physical examination. There is no single test to diagnose heart failure. It is largely a clinical diagnosis based on careful patient history review and physical examination. | |||
Heart failure could result from an abnormality of any one of the anatomical structures of the heart; the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium or great vessels. Heart failure was once thought to be secondary to depressed left ventricular ejection fraction. However, studies have shown that approximately 50% of patients who are diagnosed with heart failure have normal ejection fraction. Patients may be broadly classified as having heart failure with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (systolic dysfunction) or normal/preserved ejection fraction (diastolic dysfunction). systolic and diastolic dysfunction commonly occur in conjunction. | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Heart failure could result from an abnormality of any one of the anatomical structures of the heart; the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium or great vessels. Heart failure was once thought to be secondary to depressed left ventricular ejection fraction. However, studies have shown that approximately 50% of patients who are diagnosed with heart failure have a normal ejection fraction ([[diastolic dysfunction]]). Patients may be broadly classified as having heart failure with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (systolic dysfunction) or normal/preserved ejection fraction ([[diastolic dysfunction]]). systolic and diastolic dysfunction commonly occur in conjunction. | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===Symptoms=== | |||
The classic symptoms of heart failure include [[dyspnea]], [[fatigue]], and fluid retention. | |||
Patients with heart failure present in different ways. Some patients present with exercise intolerance but show little evidence of congestion or edema. Other patients present with mild symptoms of edema and congestion | Patients with heart failure present in different ways. Some patients present with [[exercise intolerance]] but show little evidence of congestion or edema. Other patients present with mild symptoms of [[edema]] and [[pulmonary congestion]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:DiseaseState]] | [[Category:DiseaseState]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category: Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category: Up-To-Date Cardiology]] | |||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Revision as of 03:21, 2 November 2011
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Pathophysiology |
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Differentiating Congestive heart failure from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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ACC/AHA Guideline Recommendations
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Congestive heart failure overview On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Congestive heart failure overview |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Congestive heart failure overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Saleh El Dassouki, M.D [2]
Overview of Congestive Heart Failure
Heart failure is any condition of the heart that results in the inability of the heart to meet the demands of circulation causing insufficient blood flow. It is also defined as a complex clinical syndrome due to abnormalities of the cardiac structure and/or the function that impairs the left ventricle from filling or ejecting blood.
Heart failure is not synonymous with cardiomyopathy or left ventricular dysfunction, as these are terms used to describe a structural or functional abnormality that could lead to heart failure. Heart failure is as clinical syndrome characterized by specific symptoms (dyspnea and fatigue) and signs(rales) upon physical examination. There is no single test to diagnose heart failure. It is largely a clinical diagnosis based on careful patient history review and physical examination.
Pathophysiology
Heart failure could result from an abnormality of any one of the anatomical structures of the heart; the pericardium, myocardium, endocardium or great vessels. Heart failure was once thought to be secondary to depressed left ventricular ejection fraction. However, studies have shown that approximately 50% of patients who are diagnosed with heart failure have a normal ejection fraction (diastolic dysfunction). Patients may be broadly classified as having heart failure with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (systolic dysfunction) or normal/preserved ejection fraction (diastolic dysfunction). systolic and diastolic dysfunction commonly occur in conjunction.
Diagnosis
Symptoms
The classic symptoms of heart failure include dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention.
Patients with heart failure present in different ways. Some patients present with exercise intolerance but show little evidence of congestion or edema. Other patients present with mild symptoms of edema and pulmonary congestion.