Prostate cancer: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
==[[Prostate cancer overview|Overview]]== | ==[[Prostate cancer overview|Overview]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer | ==[[Prostate cancer historical perspective|Historical perspective]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | ==[[Prostate cancer pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer | ==[[Prostate cancer epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology & Demographics]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer risk factors|Risk factors]]== | |||
== | ==[[Prostate cancer screening|Screening]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer causes|Causes]]== | |||
==[[Prostate cancer differential diagnosis|Differentiating prostate cancer from other cancers]] | |||
[[Prostate cancer | ==[[Prostate cancer natural history|Complications & Prognosis]]== | ||
==[[Prostate cancer | ==[[Prostate cancer history and symptoms|Symptoms]]== | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
| Line 44: | Line 45: | ||
:[[Prostate cancer history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Prostate cancer physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Prostate cancer staging | Staging]] | [[Prostate cancer laboratory studies | Lab Studies]] | [[Prostate cancer electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Prostate cancer x ray|X Ray]] | [[Prostate cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Prostate cancer CT|CT]] | [[Prostate cancer echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Prostate cancer other imaging findings|Other imaging findings]] | [[Prostate cancer other diagnostic studies|Other diagnostic studies]] | :[[Prostate cancer history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Prostate cancer physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Prostate cancer staging | Staging]] | [[Prostate cancer laboratory studies | Lab Studies]] | [[Prostate cancer electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Prostate cancer x ray|X Ray]] | [[Prostate cancer MRI|MRI]] | [[Prostate cancer CT|CT]] | [[Prostate cancer echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Prostate cancer other imaging findings|Other imaging findings]] | [[Prostate cancer other diagnostic studies|Other diagnostic studies]] | ||
==[[ | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for prostate cancer may involve [[watchful waiting]], [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]] including [[brachytherapy]] (prostate brachytherapy) and external beam radiation, [[High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)]], [[chemotherapy]], [[cryosurgery]], hormonal therapy, or some combination. Which option is best depends on the stage of the disease, the Gleason score, and the PSA level. Other important factors are the man's age, his general health, and his feelings about potential treatments and their possible side effects. Because all treatments can have significant [[Adverse effect (medicine)|side effect]]s, such as erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence, treatment discussions often focus on balancing the goals of therapy with the risks of lifestyle alterations. | |||
== | The selection of treatment options may be a complex decision involving many factors. For example, radical prostatectomy after primary radiation failure is a very technically challenging surgery and may not be an option.<ref name="pmid16314889">{{cite journal | author = Mouraviev V, Evans B, Polascik TJ | title = Salvage prostate cryoablation after primary interstitial brachytherapy failure: a feasible approach | journal = Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 99–101 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16314889 | doi = 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500853 | url = }}</ref> This may enter into the treatment decision. | ||
If the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, treatment options significantly change, so most doctors who treat prostate cancer use a variety of [[nomogram]]s to predict the probability of spread. Treatment by watchful waiting, HIFU, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, and surgery are generally offered to men whose cancer remains within the prostate. Hormonal therapy and chemotherapy are often reserved for disease which has spread beyond the prostate. However, there are exceptions: radiation therapy may be used for some advanced tumors, and hormonal therapy is used for some early stage tumors. [[Cryotherapy]], hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy may also be offered if initial treatment fails and the cancer progresses. | |||
[[Prostate cancer medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Prostate cancer surgery|Surgical options]] | [[Prostate cancer metastasis treatment|Metastasis Treatment]] | [[Prostate cancer primary prevention|Primary prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Prostate cancer cost-effectiveness of therapy|Financial costs]] | [[Prostate cancer future or investigational therapies|Future therapies]] | |||
==Histopathological Findings in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma== | ==Histopathological Findings in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma== | ||
Revision as of 18:58, 15 December 2011
For patient information click here
Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox
|
Prostate cancer Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Prostate cancer On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Prostate cancer |
Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D. Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Overview
Historical perspective
Pathophysiology
Epidemiology & Demographics
Risk factors
Screening
Causes
==Differentiating prostate cancer from other cancers
Complications & Prognosis
Symptoms
Diagnosis
When a man has symptoms of prostate cancer, or a screening test indicates an increased risk for cancer, more invasive evaluation is offered.
The only test which can fully confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer is a biopsy, the removal of small pieces of the prostate for microscopic examination. However, prior to a biopsy, several other tools may be used to gather more information about the prostate and the urinary tract. Cystoscopy shows the urinary tract from inside the bladder, using a thin, flexible camera tube inserted down the urethra. Transrectal ultrasonography creates a picture of the prostate using sound waves from a probe in the rectum.
- History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Staging | Lab Studies | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | MRI | CT | Echocardiography | Other imaging findings | Other diagnostic studies
Treatment
Treatment for prostate cancer may involve watchful waiting, surgery, radiation therapy including brachytherapy (prostate brachytherapy) and external beam radiation, High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), chemotherapy, cryosurgery, hormonal therapy, or some combination. Which option is best depends on the stage of the disease, the Gleason score, and the PSA level. Other important factors are the man's age, his general health, and his feelings about potential treatments and their possible side effects. Because all treatments can have significant side effects, such as erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence, treatment discussions often focus on balancing the goals of therapy with the risks of lifestyle alterations.
The selection of treatment options may be a complex decision involving many factors. For example, radical prostatectomy after primary radiation failure is a very technically challenging surgery and may not be an option.[1] This may enter into the treatment decision.
If the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, treatment options significantly change, so most doctors who treat prostate cancer use a variety of nomograms to predict the probability of spread. Treatment by watchful waiting, HIFU, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, and surgery are generally offered to men whose cancer remains within the prostate. Hormonal therapy and chemotherapy are often reserved for disease which has spread beyond the prostate. However, there are exceptions: radiation therapy may be used for some advanced tumors, and hormonal therapy is used for some early stage tumors. Cryotherapy, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy may also be offered if initial treatment fails and the cancer progresses.
Medical therapy | Surgical options | Metastasis Treatment | Primary prevention | Secondary prevention | Financial costs | Future therapies
Histopathological Findings in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma
Prostate: Adenocarcinoma
<youtube v=1SZPLS1dxTo/>
Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grading system)
Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 1)
<youtube v=F7V0Zl7a2FY/>
Prostate : Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 2)
<youtube v=YSOLiSklIXw/>
Prostate : Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 3)
<youtube v=TG8vR_pE7yA/>
Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 4)
<youtube v=R2Cl4HScdGc/>
Prostate: Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 5)
<youtube v=F7V0Zl7a2FY/>
See also
References
- ↑ Mouraviev V, Evans B, Polascik TJ (2006). "Salvage prostate cryoablation after primary interstitial brachytherapy failure: a feasible approach". Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 9 (1): 99–101. doi:10.1038/sj.pcan.4500853. PMID 16314889.
External links
Template:Urogenital neoplasia Template:SIB Template:Link FA Template:Link FA af:Prostaatkanker bn:প্রোস্টেট ক্যান্সার bg:Рак на простатата ca:Càncer de pròstata da:Prostatakræft de:Prostatakrebs dv:ޕްރޮސްޓޭޓް ކެންސަރު el:Καρκίνος του προστάτη fa:سرطان پروستات hr:Rak prostate id:Kanker prostat it:Carcinoma della prostata he:סרטן הערמונית la:Cancer prostatae lv:Prostatas vēzis nl:Prostaatkanker no:Prostatakreft simple:Prostate cancer fi:Eturauhassyöpä sv:Prostatacancer tl:Kanser sa prostata