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| {{drugbox
| | #REDIRECT [[Desmopressin (patient information)]] |
| | IUPAC_name =
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| | image = Desmopressin.svg
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| | CAS_number = 16679-58-6
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| | ATC_prefix = H01
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| | ATC_suffix = BA02
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| | ATC_supplemental =
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| | PubChem = 27991
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| | DrugBank = BTD00112
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| | C=46 | H=64 | N=14 | O=12 | S=2
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| | molecular_weight = 1069.22 g/mol
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound = 50%
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life = 1.5-2.5 hours
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| | pregnancy_category =
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| | legal_status =
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| | routes_of_administration =
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| }}
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| '''Desmopressin''' ('''DDAVP'''<sup>®</sup>, '''Stimate'''<sup>®</sup>, '''Minirin'''<sup>®</sup> (''[[Ferring Pharmaceuticals]]'')) is a synthetic [[medication|drug]] that mimics the action of [[antidiuretic hormone]], also known as ''arginine vasopressin''. It may be taken nasally, intravenously, or through a recently developed pill.
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| ==Chemistry==
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| Desmopressin (''1-desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin'') is a modified form of the normal human hormone [[vasopressin|arginine vasopressin]], a peptide containing nine amino acids. | |
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| Compared to vasopressin, desmopressin's first amino acid has been [[deamination|deaminated]], and the [[arginine]] at the eighth position is in the ''dextro'' rather than the ''levo'' form (see [[stereochemistry]]).
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| ==Method of action==
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| Desmopressin binds to V2 [[receptor (biochemistry)|receptors]] in [[kidney|renal]] [[collecting duct]]s, increasing water resorption. It also stimulates release of [[factor VIII]] from [[endothelial cell]]s due to stimulation of the V1a receptor.
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| Desmopressin is degraded more slowly than [[recombinant]] vasopressin, and requires less frequent administration. In addition, it has little effect on [[blood pressure]], while vasopressin may cause [[arterial hypertension]].
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| ==Uses==
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| Desmopressin is used to reduce [[urine]] production in [[diabetes insipidus|central diabetes insipidus]] patients and to promote the release of [[von Willebrand factor]] and [[factor VIII]] in patients with [[coagulation]] disorders such as [[von Willebrand disease|type I von Willebrand disease]], mild [[hemophilia A]], and [[thrombocytopenia]]. Desmopressin is not effective in the treatment of hemophilia B or severe hemophilia A.
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| It may also be prescribed to reduce frequent [[bedwetting]] episodes in children and adults with Enuresis by decreasing nocturnal urine production.
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| It has also seen interest as a possible [[nootropic]].
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| ==Side effects==
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| * [[headache]]s
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| * [[facial flushing]]
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| * [[nausea]]
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| Desmopressin nasal is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is not expected to harm an unborn baby. Do not take desmopressin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.[http://safepillstock.com/ingredient_en.html?a=46688&key=desmopressin&q=desmopressin source]
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| ==See also==
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| * [[diabetes insipidus]]
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| * [[hemophilia A]]
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| * [[von Willebrand disease]]
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| == References ==
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| * Leissinger C, Becton D, Cornell C Jr, Cox Gill J. ''High-dose DDAVP intranasal spray (Stimate) for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients with mild haemophilia A, mild or moderate type 1 von Willebrand disease and symptomatic carriers of haemophilia A.'' Haemophilia 2001;7:258-66. PMID 11380629.
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| {{Pituitary and hypothalamic hormones and analogues}}
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| [[Category:Hormonal agents]]
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| [[de:Desmopressin]]
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| [[es:Desmopresina]]
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| [[fr:Desmopressine]]
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| [[pt:Desmopressina]]
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