Bladder cancer treatment: Difference between revisions
Created page with "{{Bladder cancer}} {{SCC}} ==Overview== ==References== {{reflist|2}} {{Tumors}} bs:Rak mokraćnog mjehura da:Blærecancer de:Blasenkrebs [[es:Cáncer de vejiga]..." |
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{{Bladder cancer}} | {{Bladder cancer}} | ||
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==Treatment== | |||
The treatment of bladder cancer depends on how deep the tumor invades into the bladder wall. Superficial tumors (those not entering the muscle layer) can be "shaved off" using an electrocautery device attached to a [[cystoscope]]. [[Immunotherapy]] in the form of[[Bacillus Calmette-Guérin|BCG]] instillation is also used to treat and prevent the recurrence of superficial tumors.<ref>{{cite journal | volume=353 | pages=1689–94 | year=1999 | issue=9165 | | |||
title=BCG immunotherapy of bladder cancer: 20 years on. | url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673698074224}}</ref> | |||
BCG immunotherapy is effective in up to 2/3 of the cases at this stage. Instillations of [[chemotherapy]] into the bladder can also be used to treat superficial disease. | |||
Untreated, superficial tumors may gradually begin to infiltrate the muscular wall of the bladder. Tumors that infiltrate the bladder require more radical surgery where part or all of the bladder is removed (a [[cystectomy]]) and the urinary stream is diverted. In some cases, skilled surgeons can create a substitute bladder (a neobladder) from a segment of intestinal tissue, but this largely depends upon patient preference, age of patient, [[renal function]], and the site of the disease. | |||
A combination of [[radiation]] and [[chemotherapy]] can also be used to treat invasive disease. It has not yet been determined how the effectiveness of this form of treatment compares to that of radical ablative surgery. | |||
There is weak observational evidence from one very small study (84) to suggest that the concurrent use of [[statin]]s is associated with failure of BCG immunotherapy.<ref>{{cite journal | volume=355 | pages=2705–7 | year=2006 | issue=25 | | |||
title=Use of statins and outcome of BCG treatment for bladder cancer | url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/25/2705}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:11, 19 January 2012
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Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.
Treatment
The treatment of bladder cancer depends on how deep the tumor invades into the bladder wall. Superficial tumors (those not entering the muscle layer) can be "shaved off" using an electrocautery device attached to a cystoscope. Immunotherapy in the form ofBCG instillation is also used to treat and prevent the recurrence of superficial tumors.[1] BCG immunotherapy is effective in up to 2/3 of the cases at this stage. Instillations of chemotherapy into the bladder can also be used to treat superficial disease.
Untreated, superficial tumors may gradually begin to infiltrate the muscular wall of the bladder. Tumors that infiltrate the bladder require more radical surgery where part or all of the bladder is removed (a cystectomy) and the urinary stream is diverted. In some cases, skilled surgeons can create a substitute bladder (a neobladder) from a segment of intestinal tissue, but this largely depends upon patient preference, age of patient, renal function, and the site of the disease.
A combination of radiation and chemotherapy can also be used to treat invasive disease. It has not yet been determined how the effectiveness of this form of treatment compares to that of radical ablative surgery.
There is weak observational evidence from one very small study (84) to suggest that the concurrent use of statins is associated with failure of BCG immunotherapy.[2]
References
- ↑ "BCG immunotherapy of bladder cancer: 20 years on". 353 (9165). 1999: 1689&ndash, 94.
- ↑ "Use of statins and outcome of BCG treatment for bladder cancer". 355 (25). 2006: 2705&ndash, 7.
bs:Rak mokraćnog mjehura da:Blærecancer de:Blasenkrebs hr:Rak mokraćnog mjehura no:Urinveiskreft fi:Virtsarakon syöpä sv:Urinvägscancer