Hyperkalemia causes: Difference between revisions
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'''Hyperkalemia''' (AE) or '''Hyperkalaemia''' (BE) is an elevated blood level (above 5.0 mmol/L) of the [[electrolyte]] [[potassium]]. The prefix ''hyper-'' means high (contrast with ''hypo-'', meaning low). The middle ''kal'' refers to ''kalium'', which is [[Latin]] for potassium. The end portion of the word, ''-emia'', means "in the blood". Extreme degrees of hyperkalemia are considered a [[medical emergency]] due to the risk of potentially fatal [[arrhythmia]]s. | '''Hyperkalemia''' (AE) or '''Hyperkalaemia''' (BE) is an elevated blood level (above 5.0 mmol/L) of the [[electrolyte]] [[potassium]]. The prefix ''hyper-'' means high (contrast with ''hypo-'', meaning low). The middle ''kal'' refers to ''kalium'', which is [[Latin]] for potassium. The end portion of the word, ''-emia'', means "in the blood". Extreme degrees of hyperkalemia are considered a [[medical emergency]] due to the risk of potentially fatal [[arrhythmia]]s. | ||
== | ==Causes== | ||
===Common | ===Common Causes=== | ||
* [[ACE inhibitors]] | * [[ACE inhibitors]] | ||
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* [[Renal failure]] | * [[Renal failure]] | ||
===Causes by Organ | ===Causes by Organ System=== | ||
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===Causes in Alphabetical | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
{{MultiCol}} | {{MultiCol}} | ||
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* [[White Chameleon poisoning]] | * [[White Chameleon poisoning]] | ||
{{EndMultiCol}} | {{EndMultiCol}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:27, 15 July 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Hyperkalemia (AE) or Hyperkalaemia (BE) is an elevated blood level (above 5.0 mmol/L) of the electrolyte potassium. The prefix hyper- means high (contrast with hypo-, meaning low). The middle kal refers to kalium, which is Latin for potassium. The end portion of the word, -emia, means "in the blood". Extreme degrees of hyperkalemia are considered a medical emergency due to the risk of potentially fatal arrhythmias.
Causes
Common Causes
- ACE inhibitors
- Acidosis
- Addisonian crisis
- Beta blockers
- Blood transfusion and complications
- Cirrhosis
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Increased ingestion of high potassium foods
- Malnutrition
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Renal failure
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Sevastos N et al. (2006) Pseudohyperkalemia in serum: the phenomenon and its clinical magnitude. J Lab Clin Med, 147(3):139-44; PMID 16503244.
- ↑ Don BR et al. (1990) Pseudohyperkalemia caused by fist clenching during phlebotomy. N Engl J Med, 322(18):1290-2; PMID 2325722.
- ↑ Iolascon A et al. (1999) Familial pseudohyperkalemia maps to the same locus as dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis. Blood, 93(9):3120-3; PMID 10216110.