Bitemporal hemianopia: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
==[[Bitemporal hemianopia overview|Overview]]== | ==[[Bitemporal hemianopia overview|Overview]]== | ||
==Historical Perspective and Etymology== | ==[[Bitemporal hemianopia historical perspective|Historical Perspective and Etymology]]== | ||
==[[Bitemporal hemianopia pathophysiology| Pathophysiology]]== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Hemianopia results from a lesion of the [[optic chiasm]]. This is the area where optic nerves from right cross over to the left and vice versa. Visual information from the temporal [[visual field]] falls on the nasal retina and information from nasal field falls on temporal [[retina]]. At the [[optic chiasm]] nasal fibers of [[retina]] cross over to other side and carries information to the higher centers. Thus, when there is a lesion of [[optic chiasm]], the nasal fibers of both the [[retina]] are affected leading to loss of information from both the temporal (outer) visual fields. | Hemianopia results from a lesion of the [[optic chiasm]]. This is the area where optic nerves from right cross over to the left and vice versa. Visual information from the temporal [[visual field]] falls on the nasal retina and information from nasal field falls on temporal [[retina]]. At the [[optic chiasm]] nasal fibers of [[retina]] cross over to other side and carries information to the higher centers. Thus, when there is a lesion of [[optic chiasm]], the nasal fibers of both the [[retina]] are affected leading to loss of information from both the temporal (outer) visual fields. | ||
Revision as of 05:38, 19 July 2012
Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox
Template:Bitemporal hemianopia
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Bitemporal hemianopsia
Overview
Historical Perspective and Etymology
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology
Hemianopia results from a lesion of the optic chiasm. This is the area where optic nerves from right cross over to the left and vice versa. Visual information from the temporal visual field falls on the nasal retina and information from nasal field falls on temporal retina. At the optic chiasm nasal fibers of retina cross over to other side and carries information to the higher centers. Thus, when there is a lesion of optic chiasm, the nasal fibers of both the retina are affected leading to loss of information from both the temporal (outer) visual fields.
Causes
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical / poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | Dermatochalasis |
| Drug Side Effect | Chloroquine retinopathy |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | Pituatary macroadenoma, Prolactinoma |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | Chloroquine retinopathy, Pituitary macroadenoma, Prolactinoma, Craniopharyngioma, Aneurysm of anterior communicating artery, Intracranial vascular loop, Meningioma, Enlarged third ventricle, Glioma of third ventricle, Chronic chiasmal arachnoiditis, Suprasellar tumors, Adamantinoma of sella turcica, Optic neuropathy, Optic chiasmal syndrome, Obstructive hydrocephalus, Traumatic chiasmal syndrome, Dolichoectasia of internal carotid arteries |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | Hypophyseal hypertrophy in pregnancy |
| Oncologic | Adamantinoma of sella turcica, Craniopharyngioma, Glioma of third ventricle, Pituitary macroadenoma, Prolactinoma, Meningioma, Suprasellar tumors |
| Opthalmologic | Dermatochalasis, Optic neuropathy, Optic chiasmal syndrome, Bilateral blepharoptosis, Traumatic chiasmal syndrome |
| Overdose / Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal / Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | Traumatic chiasmal syndrome |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Adamantinoma of sella turcica[1]
- Aneurysm of anterior communicating artery
- Bilateral blepharoptosis[2]
- Chloroquine retinopathy[3]
- Chronic chiasmal arachnoiditis[4]
- Craniopharyngioma
- Dermatochalasis[5]
- Dolichoectasia of internal carotid arteries[6]
- Enlarged third ventricle[7]
- Glioma of third ventricle
- Hypophyseal hypertrophy in pregnancy[8]
- Intracranial vascular loop
- Meningioma
- Obstructive hydrocephalus
- Optic chiasmal syndrome
- Optic neuropathy
- Pituitary macroadenoma
- Prolactinoma
- Suprasellar tumors
- Traumatic chiasmal syndrome
See also
References
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC510604/?pa
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21158577
- ↑ http://www.neurology.org/content/24/12/1135.abstract
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC512211/
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12644764
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2139057
- ↑ http://bjo.bmj.com/content/62/8/536.full.pdf
- ↑ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14082282