Odynophagia: Difference between revisions

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(/* Causes in Alphabetical Order. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016 Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Mass...)
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===Causes in Alphabetical Order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order. <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>===
* [[Abscess]]es
* [[Achalasia]]
* [[Aerophagia]]
* [[Agranulocytosis]]
* [[Alcoholism]]
* Allergic swelling
* [[Amyloidosis]]
* [[Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis]] (ALS)
* Angina tonsillaris
* Anxiety disorders
* [[Aortic aneurysm]]
* Aspiration of foreign body
* [[Barret's Syndrome]]
* [[Behcet's Syndrome]]
* [[Botulism]]
* [[Brainstem stroke]]
* [[Bronchial carcinoma]]
* [[Bulbar palsy]]
* [[Candidiasis]]
* Cascade stomach
* Central hypoglossal nerve paralysis
* Central vagal nucleus lesion
* [[Cerebrovascular accident]] ([[CVA]])
* [[Chagas Disease]]
* Chemical burns
* [[CREST syndrome]] ('''c'''alcinosis '''r'''aynaud's phenomenon '''e'''sophagus '''s'''clerodactyly '''t'''elangiectasias)
* [[Cytomegalovirus]] ([[CMV]])
* [[Dermatomyositis]]
* [[Diabetic neuropathy]]
* [[Diphtheria]]
* [[Diverticulum]]
* [[Left Atrial Enlargement|Enlarged left atrium]]
* [[Esophageal cancer]]
* Esophageal [[Crohn's disease]]
* [[Esophageal diverticulum]]
* Esophageal moniliasis
* Esophageal [[sarcoidosis]]
* [[Esophageal spasm]]
* Esophageal trauma
* [[Esophagotracheal fistula]]
* Extreme spinal curvature
* Fibrosis
* Food bolus
* Gastric tumors
* [[Gastritis]]
* [[Gastroparesis]]
* [[Global hystericus]]
* Globus syndrome
* [[Goiter]]
* [[Graft versus host reaction]]
* [[Guillain-Barre Syndrome]]
* [[Herpangina]]
* [[Herpes simplex virus]] ([[HSV]])
* [[Hiatal hernia]]
* [[Huntington's chorea]]
* [[Hyperthyroidism]]
* [[Hypokalemia]]
* [[Hypothyroidism]]
* Idiopathic [[human immunodeficiency virus]][[HIV]] ulcers
* Impaired sensitivity in the larynx
* Intramural pseudodiverticulosis
* [[Laryngeal cancer]]
* Lateral funiculus angina
* [[Leiomyoma]]
* [[Ludwig's angina]]
* Lymph granulomatosis
* [[Lymphadenopathy]]
* Medication-induced [[esophagitis]]
* [[Mononucleosis]]
* [[Multiple Sclerosis]]
* [[Mumps]]
* [[Myasthenia Gravis]]
* Neoplastic (external compression)
* [[Nutcracker esophagus]]
* Oral [[candidiasis]]
* Osteophytes
* Palatoplegia after damage to the vagal nerve or the accessory nerve
* [[Paraneoplastic syndrome]]
* [[Parkinson's Disease]]
* Peptic stenosis
* [[Peripheral neuropathy]]
* Peripheral tongue paralysis with lesions of the hypoglossal nerve
* [[Pharyngitis]]
* Pleural and pericardial causes
* [[Plummer-Vinson Syndrome]]
* [[Poliomyelitis]]
* [[Polyradiculitis]]
* [[Pseudoachalasia]]
* [[Pseudobulbar paralysis]]
* [[Pyloric stenosis]]
* [[Rabies]]
* [[Radiation esophagitis]]
* [[Reflux esophagitis]]
* [[Rheumatoid Arthritis]]
* [[Scarlet Fever]]
* [[Schatzki ring]]
* [[Scleroderma]]
* [[Stevens-Johnson Syndrome]]
* [[Stomatitis]]
* [[Syringobulbia]]
* [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]]
* [[Tetanus]]
* Tonsillar abscess
* [[Typhoid fever]] angina
* Vascular abnormality
* [[Vincent's angina]]
* [[Zenker's Diverticulum]]


==Symptoms to Differentiate Odynophagia From==
==Symptoms to Differentiate Odynophagia From==

Revision as of 19:24, 29 July 2012

Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: painful swallowing

Overview

Odynophagia is defined as painful swallowing.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order. [1] [2]

Symptoms to Differentiate Odynophagia From

  • Dysphagia is defined as difficulty in swallowing

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

A directed history should be performed to characterize the following:

  • Onset
  • Severity
  • Duration
  • Dysphagia with liquids versus solids
  • Psychiatric history
  • Prior episodes
  • Substance exposure
  • History of neck and head problems

Laboratory Findings

Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies

  • Creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) can be used to rule out cardiac ischemia as a cause.

Electrocardiogram

Can be used to assess for left atrial enlargement.

Chest X Ray

Can used to rule out lung cancer and other mass lesions as well as left atrial enlargement.

MRI and CT

  • MRI of brain can be used to exclude CVA and mass lesions of the head and neck.

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Can be used to rule out an aneurysm or left atrial enlargement as a cause.

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

  • Endoscopy (acute and chronic mechanical obstructions)
  • Speech therapy (ALS and stroke patients)

Pharmacotherapy

  • Proton pump inhibitors or promotility agents, weight loss, avoidance of offending foods (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
  • Anticholinergics (ALS, stroke, lower esophageal spasms)
  • Muscarinic agents (myasthenia gravis)
  • Glucocorticoids (myasthenia gravis and polymyositis)
  • Antispasmodics, botulinum toxin injection (lower esophageal spasm)

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

  • Thoracic surgery, possible balloon dilation (chronic mechanical obstruction)

References

  1. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  2. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X


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