Lymphadenopathy natural history

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Natural History

The natural course of lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause. Lymphadenopathy due to infectious causes subsides once the infection is controlled.

Complications

• Mediastinal lymphadenopathy causes pressure symptoms like:
  • Superior vena cava syndrome
  • Tracheal and bronchial obstruction
  • Dysphagia
  • Hemoptysis
• Uric acid nephropathy
• Hyperkalemia
• Hypercalcemia
• Hypocalcemia
• Hyperphosphatemia
• Renal failure
• Abdominal lymphadenopathy can cause
  • Abdominal pain
  • Intestinal obstruction

Prognosis

Prognosis of lymphadenopathy depends entirely on the underlying etiology. Cancerous causes of lymphadenopathy have a poor prognosis compared to the infectious causes.