Addison's disease causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Primary Adrenocoritcal Insufficiency (Addison's disease)

• Autoimmune/idiopathic
• Congenital

  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Glucocorticoid deficiency 1
  • Adrenal aplasia / hypoplasia

• Iatrogenic

  • Radiation (therapy)
  • Bilateral adrenalectomy

• Fungal

  • Cryptococcosis

    • Histoplasmosis

  • Blastomycosis
  • Syphilis
  • Coccidiomycosis
  • Tuberculosis (20% of all Addison's)

• Hemorrhage, infarction

  • Trauma
  • Surgery
  • Sepsis

    • Waterhouse-Friderichson syndrome

  • Embolus
  • Anticoagulation
  • Arteritis
  • Hypotension
  • Neonatal
  • Thrombosis
  • Coagulopathy

• Infections

  • AIDS

    • Toxoplasmosis
    • Kaposi's sarcoma
    • CMV
    • Mycobacterium avium intracellulaire (MAI)
    • Cryptococcosis

• Neoplasm

  • Adrenal metastases
  • Leukemia
  • Lymphoma

• Uremia
• Coma
• Infiltrative

  • Amyloidosis
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Hemochromatosis

• Volume / electrolyte disorders
• Drugs

Secondary (pituitary) or Tertiary (hypothalamic) Adrenocortical Insufficiency

• Drug withdrawal
• After surgery of cortisol-secreting tumor