Drug allergy risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]

Drug Allergy
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Risk Factors

Patient Related Risk Factors

• Gender - Women are more likely than men to have both immediate and delayed reactions, and the risk is greater in women of childbearing age.
• Age - Drug allergy occurs more frequently in young and middle-aged adults than in infants and the elderly.
• Genetics - Drug allergies run in families, and is associated with genetic polymorphisms in human leukocyte antigen type B (HLA-B) alleles.
• Viral infections - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are associated with an increased likelihood of developing immunologic reactions to drugs.
• Prior drug allergy - A drug allergy in the past causes a person to be at a higher risk for an allergic reaction to the same drug, as well to a different type of drug.