Paroxysmal hypertension

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Paroxysmal hypertension is episodic high blood pressure.

Classification

Patients with paroxysmal hypertension who test negative for phaeochromocytoma are said to be suffering from pseudophaechromocytoma, a disorder with no known cause.

Causes

• Anxiety
• Brain tumor
• Carcinoid
• Cluster headache
• Hyperthyroidism
• Intracranial hemorrhage
• Lateral medulla compression
• Mastocytosis
• Migraine headache
• Pheochromocytoma
• Renovascular hypertension
• Traumatic brain injury
• Seizures
• Stroke

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

• Some cases can result in hypertensive encephalopathy

 •  Drugs (cocaine,   lysergic acid diethylamide, amphetamine)
 •  Tyrosine ingestion combined with monoamine   oxidase inhibitors
 •  Baroreflex failure
 •  Factitious hypertension.

References

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