Immunodeficiency: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==[[Immunodeficiency overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Immunodeficiency historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
In [[medicine]], '''immunodeficiency''' (or '''immune deficiency''') is a state in which the [[immune system]]'s ability to fight [[infectious disease]] is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired ("secondary") but some people are born with defects in the immune system, or [[primary immunodeficiency]]. A person who has an immunodeficiency of any kind is said to be '''immunocompromised'''. An immunocompromised person may be particularly vulnerable to [[opportunistic infection]]s, in addition to normal infections that could affect everyone.
==[[Immunodeficiency classification|Classification]]==
 
==[[Immunodeficiency pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==Primary immunodeficiency==
==[[Immunodeficiency causes|Causes]]==
{{main|Primary immunodeficiency}}
==[[Immunodeficiency differential diagnosis|Differentiating Immunodeficiency from other Diseases]]==
 
==[[Immunodeficiency epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
A number of [[rare disease]]s feature a heightened susceptibility to [[infection]]s from childhood onward. Many of these disorders are [[genetic disorder|hereditary]] and are [[autosomal recessive]] or [[Sex linkage|X-linked]]. There are over 80 recognised primary immunodeficiency syndromes; they are generally grouped by the part of the immune system that is malfunctioning, such as [[lymphocyte]]s or [[granulocyte]]s.<ref name="pmid7616993">{{cite journal |author=Rosen FS, Cooper MD, Wedgwood RJ |title=The primary immunodeficiencies |journal=[[The New England Journal of Medicine]] |volume=333 |issue=7 |pages=431–40 |year=1995 |month=August |pmid=7616993 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199508173330707 |url=http://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJM199508173330707?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed |accessdate=2012-03-08}}</ref>
==[[Immunodeficiency risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Immunodeficiency screening|Screening]]==
The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the defect, and may involve antibody infusions, long-term antibiotics and (in certain cases) [[Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation|stem cell transplantation]].
==[[Immunodeficiency natural history, complications, and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]==
 
==Diagnosis==
==Acquired immunodeficiency==<!-- This section is linked from [[Immune system]] -->
:[[Immunodeficiency history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Immunodeficiency physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Immunodeficiency laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Immunodeficiency electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Immunodeficiency chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Immunodeficiency CT|CT]] | [[Immunodeficiency MRI|MRI]] | [[Immunodeficiency electrocardiography or ultrasound|Electrocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Immunodeficiency other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Immunodeficiency other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
Immune deficiency may also be the result of particular external processes or diseases; the resultant state is called "secondary" or "acquired" immunodeficiency. Common causes for secondary immunodeficiency are [[malnutrition]], [[aging]] and particular medications (e.g. [[chemotherapy]], [[disease-modifying antirheumatic drug]]s, [[immunosuppressive drug]]s after [[organ transplant]]s, [[glucocorticoid]]s).
==Treatment==
 
:[[
Many specific diseases directly or indirectly impair the immune system. This include many types of [[cancer]], particularly those of the bone marrow and blood cells ([[leukemia]], [[lymphoma]], [[multiple myeloma]]), and certain chronic infections. Immunodeficiency is also the hallmark of [[AIDS|acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]] (AIDS), caused by the [[HIV|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV).  HIV directly attacks the immune system.
 
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


{{Immune_system}}
{{Immune_system}}
{{Immune disorders}}
{{Immune disorders}}


[[Category:Immune system disorders]]
[[Category:Immune system disorders]]

Revision as of 13:11, 24 August 2012

Immunodeficiency
ICD-10 D84.9
ICD-9 279.3
DiseasesDB 21506
MeSH D007153

Immunodeficiency Main Page

Home

Overview

Classification

Immunodeficiency Affecting Cellular and Humoral Immunity

Combined Immunodeficiency

Predominantly Antibody Deficiency

Diseases of Immune Dysregulation

Congenital Defects of Phagocytes

Defects in Intrinsic and Innate Immunity

Auto-inflammatory Disorders

Complement Deficiencies

Phenocopies of Primary Immunodeficiency

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Immunodeficiency from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Electrocardiography or Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

[[

ca:Immunodeficiència de:Immundefekt el:Ανοσολογική ανεπάρκεια he:כשל חיסוני

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