Anaphylaxis: Difference between revisions

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	Anaphylaxis;
ICD-10	T78.2
DiseasesDB	29153
MeSH	D000707

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Revision as of 14:43, 31 August 2012

For the WikiPatient page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Anaphylactic reaction

Overview

Anaphylaxis is an acute systemic (multi-system) and severe Type I Hypersensitivity allergic reaction in humans and other mammals. The term comes from the Greek words ana (against) and phylaxis (protection).^[1] Anaphylaxis occurs when a person or animal is exposed to a trigger substance, called an allergen, to which they have already become sensitized. Minute amounts of allergens may cause a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis may occur after ingestion, skin contact, injection of an allergen or, in rare cases, inhalation.^[2]

Treatment

Planning for treatment

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America advises patients prone to anaphylaxis to have an "allergy action plan" on file at school, home, or in their office to aid others in case of an anaphylactic emergency, and provides a free "plan" form anyone can print. Action plans are considered essential to quality emergency care. Many authorities advocate immunotherapy to prevent future episodes of anaphylaxis."allergy fact sheet" Immunotherapy with Hymenoptera venoms is especially effective and widely used throughout the world and is accepted as an effective treatment for most patients with allergy to bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, white faced hornets, and fire ants. "WHO guidelines"

Beta-blockers may aggravate anaphylactic reactions and interfere with treatment.

Prevention

References

↑ "Anaphylaxis." Etymology. Oxford English Dictionary. http://dictionary.oed.com.
↑ "Anaphylaxis." Health. 17 January 2002 . AllRefer.com . 29 Jan 2007 <http://health.allrefer.com/health/anaphylaxis-info.html>.

bg:Анафилактичен шок de:Anaphylaxie ko:과민성 쇼크 id:Shock anaphilaktik it:Anafilassi he:אנפילקסיס nl:Anafylaxie nn:Anafylaksi simple:Anaphylaxis sl:Anafilaktični šok fi:Anafylaktinen šokki uk:Анафілаксія

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] "Anaphylaxis." Etymology. Oxford English Dictionary. http://dictionary.oed.com.

[2] "Anaphylaxis." Health. 17 January 2002 . AllRefer.com . 29 Jan 2007 <http://health.allrefer.com/health/anaphylaxis-info.html>.

[1]

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 ==Overview==
 '''Anaphylaxis''' is an [[acute (medical)|acute]] [[circulation|systemic]] (multi-system) and severe Type I Hypersensitivity [[allergy|allergic]] reaction in humans and other [[mammal]]s.  The term comes from the Greek words ''ana'' (against) and ''phylaxis'' (protection).<ref>"Anaphylaxis." Etymology. ''Oxford English Dictionary''. http://dictionary.oed.com.</ref> Anaphylaxis occurs when a person or animal is exposed to a trigger substance, called an ''[[allergen]],'' to which they have already become sensitized. Minute amounts of allergens may cause a life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis may occur after ingestion, skin contact, injection of an allergen or, in rare cases, inhalation.<ref>"Anaphylaxis." Health. 17 January 2002 . AllRefer.com . 29 Jan 2007 <http://health.allrefer.com/health/anaphylaxis-info.html>.</ref>
-'''Anaphylactic shock''', the most severe type of anaphylaxis, occurs when an allergic response triggers a quick release from [[mast cell]]s of large quantities of [[immunology|immunological]] mediators ([[histamine]]s, [[prostaglandin]]s, [[leukotriene]]s) leading to systemic [[vasodilation]] (associated with a sudden drop in blood pressure) and [[edema]] of [[bronchial]] [[mucosa]] (resulting in [[bronchoconstriction]] and difficulty breathing).  Anaphylactic shock can lead to death in a matter of minutes if left untreated.
-Researchers typically distinguish between "'''true anaphylaxis'''" and "'''pseudo-anaphylaxis'''."  The symptoms, treatment, and risk of death are identical, but "true" anaphylaxis is always caused directly by [[degranulation]] of [[mast cell]]s or basophils that is mediated by [[immunoglobulin]] E (IgE), and pseudo-anaphylaxis occurs due to all other causes.  The distinction is only important for researchers who are studying mechanisms of allergic reactions. Due to the word "pseudo", it may frustrate patients who feel they are being told that a life-threatening allergic reaction isn't "real".
 ==Treatment==