Pulmonary nodule CT: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 14:45, 25 September 2012

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

The halo sign refers to a zone of ground-glass attenuation surrounding a pulmonary nodule or mass on CT images.
The presence of a halo of ground-glass opacity or ground-glass attenuation is usually associated with hemorrhagic nodules.
In severely neutropenic patients, the halo sign is highly suggestive of infection by an angioinvasive fungus, most commonly Aspergillus.
Vascular invasion by this fungus results in thrombosis of small- to medium-sized vessels, which causes ischemic necrosis.
At pathologic examination, the nodules represent foci of infarction, and the halo of ground-glass attenuation results from alveolar hemorrhage.
Although it is less common, the halo sign may also be observed in nonhemorrhagic nodules, in which case either tumor cells or inflammatory infiltrate account for the halo of ground-glass attenuation.

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+====Halo Sign====
+*The halo sign refers to a zone of ground-glass attenuation surrounding a pulmonary nodule or mass on CT images.
+*The presence of a halo of ground-glass opacity or ground-glass attenuation is usually associated with hemorrhagic nodules.
+*In severely neutropenic patients, the halo sign is highly suggestive of infection by an angioinvasive fungus, most commonly [[Aspergillosis | Aspergillus]].
+*Vascular invasion by this fungus results in thrombosis of small- to medium-sized vessels, which causes ischemic necrosis.
+*At pathologic examination, the nodules represent foci of infarction, and the halo of ground-glass attenuation results from alveolar hemorrhage.
+*Although it is less common, the halo sign may also be observed in nonhemorrhagic nodules, in which case either tumor cells or inflammatory infiltrate account for the halo of ground-glass attenuation.