Subcutaneous emphysema history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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cite book |author=DeGowin RL, LeBlond RF, Brown DR |title=DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical Pub. Division |location=New York |year=2004 |pages= 388, 552 |isbn=0-07-140923-8 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= 2008-05-12 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=6KUprj41xNIC&pg=PA552&dq=subcutaneous+emphysema&lr=&client=firefox-a&sig=QVoEhl9tFLvxIdakFZmEwoHD-94 | cite book |author=DeGowin RL, LeBlond RF, Brown DR |title=DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical Pub. Division |location=New York |year=2004 |pages= 388, 552 |isbn=0-07-140923-8 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= 2008-05-12 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=6KUprj41xNIC&pg=PA552&dq=subcutaneous+emphysema&lr=&client=firefox-a&sig=QVoEhl9tFLvxIdakFZmEwoHD-94 | ||
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</ref> The air bubbles, which are painless and feel like small nodules to the touch, may burst when the skin above them is palpated.<ref name="Brown04"/> The tissues surrounding SCE are usually [[edema|swollen]]. When large amounts of air leak into the tissues, the face can swell considerably.<ref name="Long95"/> In cases of subcutaneous emphysema around the neck, there may be a feeling of fullness in the neck, and the sound of the voice may change.<ref name="NOAA91"/> If SCE is particularly extreme around the neck and chest, the swelling can interfere with breathing. The air can travel to many parts of the body, including the abdomen and limbs, because there are no separations in the [[adipose tissue|fatty tissue]] in the skin to prevent the air from moving.<ref name="Schnyder00"> | </ref> The air bubbles, which are painless and feel like small nodules to the touch, may burst when the skin above them is palpated.<ref name="Brown04"/> The tissues surrounding SCE are usually [[edema|swollen]]. When large amounts of air leak into the tissues, the face can swell considerably.<ref name="Long95"/> In cases of subcutaneous emphysema around the neck, there may be a feeling of fullness in the neck, and the sound of the voice may change.<ref name="NOAA91"> | ||
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cite book |author=NOAA|title=NOAA Diving Manual |publisher=US Dept. of Commerce – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |location= |year=1991 |isbn=0160359392 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= 2008-05-09| pages=3.15 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=MV55XeyatnwC&pg=PT47&dq=subcutaneous+emphysema&sig=nhUBUEP7DJTri6j1WqVE3jkTY2Y | |||
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</ref> If SCE is particularly extreme around the neck and chest, the swelling can interfere with breathing. The air can travel to many parts of the body, including the abdomen and limbs, because there are no separations in the [[adipose tissue|fatty tissue]] in the skin to prevent the air from moving.<ref name="Schnyder00"> | |||
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cite book |author=Schnyder P, Wintermark M |title=Radiology of Blunt Trauma of the Chest |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=2000 |pages=10–11 |isbn=3-540-66217-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= 2008-05-06 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Q4haCU0cX14C&pg=PA10&dq=subcutaneous+emphysema&lr=&sig=C7DbMJOQmB-m1YgW6qchCU4bDl0 | cite book |author=Schnyder P, Wintermark M |title=Radiology of Blunt Trauma of the Chest |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=2000 |pages=10–11 |isbn=3-540-66217-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate= 2008-05-06 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Q4haCU0cX14C&pg=PA10&dq=subcutaneous+emphysema&lr=&sig=C7DbMJOQmB-m1YgW6qchCU4bDl0 | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Symptoms and signs
Signs and symptoms of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema vary based on the cause, but it is often associated with swelling of the neck and chest pain, and may also involve sore throat, neck pain, difficulty swallowing, wheezing and difficulty breathing.[1] Chest X-rays may show air in the mediastinum, the middle of the chest cavity.[1] A significant case of subcutaneous emphysema is easy to detect by touching the overlying skin; it feels like tissue paper or Rice Krispies.[2] Touching the bubbles causes them to move and sometimes make a crackling noise.[3] The air bubbles, which are painless and feel like small nodules to the touch, may burst when the skin above them is palpated.[3] The tissues surrounding SCE are usually swollen. When large amounts of air leak into the tissues, the face can swell considerably.[2] In cases of subcutaneous emphysema around the neck, there may be a feeling of fullness in the neck, and the sound of the voice may change.[4] If SCE is particularly extreme around the neck and chest, the swelling can interfere with breathing. The air can travel to many parts of the body, including the abdomen and limbs, because there are no separations in the fatty tissue in the skin to prevent the air from moving.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1
Parker GS, Mosborg DA, Foley RW, Stiernberg CM (1990). "Spontaneous cervical and mediastinal emphysema". Laryngoscope. 100 (9): 938–940. PMID 2395401. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Long BC Cassmeyer V, Phipps WJ (1995). Adult Nursing: Nursing Process Approach. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 328. ISBN 0-7234-2004-1. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 DeGowin RL, LeBlond RF, Brown DR (2004). DeGowin's Diagnostic Examination. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Pub. Division. pp. 388, 552. ISBN 0-07-140923-8. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
- ↑ NOAA (1991). NOAA Diving Manual. US Dept. of Commerce – National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 3.15. ISBN 0160359392. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
- ↑ Schnyder P, Wintermark M (2000). Radiology of Blunt Trauma of the Chest. Berlin: Springer. pp. 10–11. ISBN 3-540-66217-0. Retrieved 2008-05-06.