Mitral stenosis general approach to mitral stenosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Mitral stenosis is narrowing of the heart valve between the two left chambers of the heart ([[left atrium]] and [[left ventricle]]). | Mitral stenosis is narrowing of the heart valve between the two left chambers of the heart ([[left atrium]] and [[left ventricle]]). | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
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* Because of closure of the [[mitral valve]] pressures build up in the left atrium which reflect back to the pulmonary bed. | * Because of closure of the [[mitral valve]] pressures build up in the left atrium which reflect back to the pulmonary bed. | ||
* This build up of pressures in the pulmonary bed causes [[pulmonary hypertension]] causing [[right heart failure]]. | * This build up of pressures in the pulmonary bed causes [[pulmonary hypertension]] causing [[right heart failure]]. | ||
* Left ventricle is unaffected in pure mitral stenosis. | |||
==Causes== | |||
The cause of [[mitral stenosis]] is almost always [[rheumatic heart disease]]. | |||
==Differentiating Mitral stenosis from other Diseases== | |||
Mitral stenosis should be differentiated from: | |||
* [[Cor triatriatum]] | |||
* [[Atrial myxoma]] | |||
* Pulmonary vein obstruction | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:53, 12 October 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Mitral stenosis is narrowing of the heart valve between the two left chambers of the heart (left atrium and left ventricle).
Pathophysiology
- The hallmark anatomical picture in mitral stenosis is commisural fusion.
- Because of closure of the mitral valve pressures build up in the left atrium which reflect back to the pulmonary bed.
- This build up of pressures in the pulmonary bed causes pulmonary hypertension causing right heart failure.
- Left ventricle is unaffected in pure mitral stenosis.
Causes
The cause of mitral stenosis is almost always rheumatic heart disease.
Differentiating Mitral stenosis from other Diseases
Mitral stenosis should be differentiated from:
- Cor triatriatum
- Atrial myxoma
- Pulmonary vein obstruction