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| *[[Torsade de Pointes and Polymorphic VT]] | | *[[Torsade de Pointes and Polymorphic VT]] |
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| ==Examples==
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| '''EKG's shown below are courtesy of [[C. Michael Gibson]] MS MD, and copylefted'''
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| <gallery perRow="3">
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| image:TdP.1.1.jpg|12 lead EKG at admission
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| image:TdP.1.2.1.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.2.2.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.3.1.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.3.2.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.4.1.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.4.2.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.5.1.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.5.2.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.6.1.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.6.2.jpg
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| image:TdP.1.7.jpg
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| </gallery>
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| '''Examples from different resources'''
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| <div align="left">
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| <gallery heights="175" widths="175">
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| image:shortcoupled_tdp1.jpg|Arrhythmias in a patient with short coupled torsade de pointes<ref name="Leenhardt"> Leenhardt A, Glaser E, Burguera M, Nuernberg M, Maison-Blanche P, and Coumel P. Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes. A new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 1994 Jan; 89(1) 206-15. PMID 8281648 </ref>
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| image:shortcoupled_tdp2.jpg|Arrhythmias in a patient with short coupled torsades de pointes degenerating in [[ventricular fibrillation]]<ref name="Leenhardt"> Leenhardt A, Glaser E, Burguera M, Nuernberg M, Maison-Blanche P, and Coumel P. Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes. A new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 1994 Jan; 89(1) 206-15. PMID 8281648 </ref>
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| </gallery>
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| </div>
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| <div align="left">
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| <gallery heights="175" widths="175">
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| image:shortcoupled_tdp3.jpg|Arrhythmias in a patient with short coupled torsade de pointes: frequent short coupled extrasystoles<ref name="Leenhardt"> Leenhardt A, Glaser E, Burguera M, Nuernberg M, Maison-Blanche P, and Coumel P. Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes. A new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 1994 Jan; 89(1) 206-15. PMID 8281648 </ref>
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| image:shortcoupled_tdp4.jpg|Arrhythmias in a patient with short coupled torsade de pointes: frequent short coupled extrasystoles <ref name="Leenhardt"> Leenhardt A, Glaser E, Burguera M, Nuernberg M, Maison-Blanche P, and Coumel P. Short-coupled variant of torsade de pointes. A new electrocardiographic entity in the spectrum of idiopathic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 1994 Jan; 89(1) 206-15. PMID 8281648 </ref>
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| </gallery>
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| </div>
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| <div align="left">
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| <gallery heights="175" widths="175">
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| image:12leadTorsade.jpg|A 12 lead ECG recording example of TdP<ref>Khan IA. Twelve-lead electrocardiogram of torsade de pointes Tex Heart Inst J. 2001; 28 (1): 69. PMID 11330748 </ref>
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| </gallery>
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| </div>
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| [[Image:Tosadesdepointes.jpg|center|thumb|300px|Characteristic tracing showing the "twisting" (blue line) of Torsade de pointes]]
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Clinical Correlation
- Drugs: quinidine, PCA, norpace, amiodarone, phenothiazines, Tricyclic antidepressants, pentamidine.
- with quinidine majority of the cases occur within one week of initiation, and with therapeutic levels
- Electrolyte imbalances: Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia
- CAD
- MVP
- Variant angina
- Myocarditis
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- Congenital QT prolongation
- Liquid protein diets
- Hypothyroidism
- because of bradycardia and a prolonged QT syndrome
- Organophosphate poisoning [1] [2]
Other lab studies
Additional Information
References
- ↑ Chou's Electrocardiography in Clinical Practice Third Edition, pp. 398-409.
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:194 ISBN 1591032016
de:Torsade de pointes
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