Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve overview: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Administration of [[Lithium]] Carbonate or [[benzodiazepines]] during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of Ebstein's anomaly. | Administration of [[Lithium]] Carbonate or [[benzodiazepines]] during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of Ebstein's anomaly. | ||
==Natural History, Complications, Prognosis== | |||
The symptoms of Ebstein's anomaly vary in severity, with some patients experiencing either no symptoms or very mild symptoms and others experiencing symptoms that may worsen over time such as ([[cyanosis]]), [[heart failure]], [[heart block]], or other [[tachyarrhythmias]] or [[bradyarrhythmias]]. [[Paradoxical embolization]], [[brain abscesses]] and [[pulmonary embolism]] may also occur. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 02:43, 20 October 2012
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Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve Microchapters | |
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Diagnosis | |
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Treatment | |
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Case Studies | |
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Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve overview On the Web | |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve overview | |
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Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve overview in the news | |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve overview | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]}; Claudia P. Hochberg, M.D.; Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [3]
Overview
Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect in which the opening of the tricuspid valve is displaced towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart (congenital apical displacement of the tricuspid valve that typically causes significant tricuspid regurgitation).
Anatomy
The picture below shows displacement of tricuspid valve towards the apex of right ventricle with subsequent atrialization of a portion of the morphologic right ventricle:
Pathophysiology
The annulus of the valve is in normal position. The valve leaflets however, are to a varying degree attached to the walls and septum of the right ventricle. There is subsequent atrialization of a portion of the morphologic right ventricle (which is then contiguous with the right atrium). This causes the right atrium to be large and the anatomic right ventricle to be small in size. 50% of cases involve an atrial shunt (either a PFO or an ASD).
Epidemiology and Demographics
Ebstein's anomaly is a rare congenital heart disease (observed in 5/100,000 newborns in the United States) with no gender predilection, but a higher incidence in Caucasians.
Risk Factors
Administration of Lithium Carbonate or benzodiazepines during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of Ebstein's anomaly.
Natural History, Complications, Prognosis
The symptoms of Ebstein's anomaly vary in severity, with some patients experiencing either no symptoms or very mild symptoms and others experiencing symptoms that may worsen over time such as (cyanosis), heart failure, heart block, or other tachyarrhythmias or bradyarrhythmias. Paradoxical embolization, brain abscesses and pulmonary embolism may also occur.