Pericardial effusion causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.

Causes of Pericardial Effusion Based Upon Composition of Effusion

Serous

• Acute pancreatitis
• Chemotherapeutics
• Chronic disease
• Cirrhosis
• Congestive heart failure
• Dressler's syndrome
• Hypoalbuminemia
• Hypothyroidism
• Infection
• Irradiation
• Malnutrition
• Nephrotic Syndrome

Blood

• Acute myocardial infarction
• Anticoagulants
• Aortic rupture
• Cardiac catheterization
• Chemotherapeutics
• Coagulotherapy
• Heart surgery
• Neoplasm
• Perforation
• Trauma
• Uremia

Lymph or Chylous

• Benign obstruction of thoracic duct
• Idiopathic
• Neoplasm

Metastatic Tumor

• Breast cancer
• Leukemia
• Lung cancer
• Lymphoma
• Pericarditis

Miscellaneous

• Cardiomyopathy
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Infectious

• Viral
• Pyogenic
• Tuberculous
• Fungal
• Other infections (syphilitic, protozoal, parasitic)
• Pericarditis

Noninfectious

• Idiopathic
• Uremia: Kidney failure with excessive blood levels of urea nitrogen
• Heart surgery
• Neoplasia that has spread to the pericardium
• Acute myocardial infarction: Post myocardial infarction pericarditis (Dressler's syndrome)
• Postirradiation
• Aortic dissection (with leakage into pericardial sac)
• Trauma
• Sarcoidosis
• Pericarditis

Hypersensitivity or Autoimmunity Related

• Amyloid
• Collagen vascular disease
• Drug-induced
• Lupus
• Pericarditis
• Rheumatic fever

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Acute myocardial infarction Acute pancreatitis Amyloidosis Anticoagulants Aortic dissection Aortic rupture Asbestosis Bacterial pericarditis Benign obstruction of thoracic duct Breast cancer Bronchogenic cyst Cantu syndrome Cardiac catheterization Cardiomyopathy Chemotherapy Cirrhosis of liver Coagulotherapy Collagen vascular disease Congenital disorders of glycosylation Congestive heart failure Constrictive pericarditis Daunorubicin Dialysis Dilated cardiomyopathy Dissecting aortic aneurysm Doxorubicin Dressler's syndrome Fungal pericarditis Heart surgery Hydralazine Hypersensitivity pericarditis with eosinophilia Hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia Hypoalbuminemia Hypothyroidism Idiopathic Infection Isoniazid

Kawasaki disease Leukemia Lung cancer Lupus Lymphoma Malnutrition Minoxidil Mycobacterium tuberculosis Myocardial rupture Myxedema Neoplasia that has spread to the pericardium Nephrotic Syndrome Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome Pencillins Percutaneous interventional procedures Pericarditis Phenytoin Pneumonia Postirradiation Postpericardiotomy syndrome Procainamide Pyogenic pericarditis Radiation Renal failure Rheumatic fever Rheumatic pericarditis Sarcoidosis Scleroderma Scorpion fish bite Scrub typhus Systemic lupus erythematosus Trauma Tuberculous pericarditis Uremic pericarditis Ventricular aneurysm Viral pericarditis

References

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