Diphtheria epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
*By 1998, according to [[Red Cross]] estimates, there were as many as 200,000 cases in the Commonwealth of Independent States, with 5,000 deaths. | *By 1998, according to [[Red Cross]] estimates, there were as many as 200,000 cases in the Commonwealth of Independent States, with 5,000 deaths. | ||
*This was so great an increase that diphtheria was cited in the Guinness Book of World Records as "most resurgent disease". | *This was so great an increase that diphtheria was cited in the Guinness Book of World Records as "most resurgent disease". | ||
* Diphtheria is rare in the United States; the last case occurred in an elderly traveler returning from Haiti in 2003. Diphtheria causes significant illness and death in developing countries where vaccination coverage is low. | |||
* Symptomatic infection is extremely rare in adequately immunized people, even though active immunization with diphtheria toxoid does not prevent colonization or transient carriage of C. diphtheriae. Higher risk of acquiring disease and potentially life-threatening complications are possible in inadequately immunized or unimmunized travelers to countries with endemic diphtheria. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:52, 27 November 2012
|
Diphtheria Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Diphtheria epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Diphtheria epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Diphtheria epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Diphtheria is a serious disease, with fatality rates between 5% and 10%.
- In children under 5 years and adults over 40 years, the fatality rate may be as much as 20%. Outbreaks, though very rare, still occur worldwide, even in developed nations.
- After the breakup of the former Soviet Union in the late 1980s, vaccination rates in its constituent countries fell so low that there was an explosion of diphtheria cases. In 1991 there were 2,000 cases of diphtheria in the USSR.
- By 1998, according to Red Cross estimates, there were as many as 200,000 cases in the Commonwealth of Independent States, with 5,000 deaths.
- This was so great an increase that diphtheria was cited in the Guinness Book of World Records as "most resurgent disease".
- Diphtheria is rare in the United States; the last case occurred in an elderly traveler returning from Haiti in 2003. Diphtheria causes significant illness and death in developing countries where vaccination coverage is low.
- Symptomatic infection is extremely rare in adequately immunized people, even though active immunization with diphtheria toxoid does not prevent colonization or transient carriage of C. diphtheriae. Higher risk of acquiring disease and potentially life-threatening complications are possible in inadequately immunized or unimmunized travelers to countries with endemic diphtheria.