Schistosomiasis classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Classification

There are five species of flatworms that cause schistosomiasis. Each causes a different clinical presentation of the disease. Schistosomiasis may localize in different parts of the body, and its localization determines its particular clinical profile.

Species of Schistosoma that can infect humans:

• Schistosoma mansoni (ICD-10 B65.1) and Schistosoma intercalatum (B65.8) cause intestinal schistosomiasis
• Schistosoma haematobium (B65.0) causes urinary schistosomiasis
• Schistosoma japonicum (B65.2) and Schistosoma mekongi (B65.8) cause Asian intestinal schistosomiasis

Avian schistosomiasis species cause swimmer's itch and clam digger itch

Species of Schistosoma that can infect other animals:

S. bovis — normally infects cattle, sheep and goats in Africa, parts of Southern Europe and the Middle East
S. mattheei — normally infects cattle, sheep and goats in Central and Southern Africa
S. margrebowiei — normally infects antelope, buffalo and waterbuck in Southern and Central Africa
S. curassoni — normally infects domestic ruminants in West Africa
S. rodhaini — normally infects rodents and carnivores in parts of Central Africa