Hepatitis D overview: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
The hepatitis D virus was first reported in mid-1977 by an italian researcher, Mario Rizzetto. <ref>Manuale di Gastroenterologia Unigastro pag. 260 </ref> | The hepatitis D virus was first reported in mid-1977 by an italian researcher, Mario Rizzetto. <ref>Manuale di Gastroenterologia Unigastro pag. 260 </ref> | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
HDV is rare in most [[developed country|developed countries]], and is mostly associated with [[Intravenous drug use (recreational)|intravenous drug abuse]]. However HDV is much more common in Mediterranean countries, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and countries in the northern part of South America.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Radjef N, Gordien E, Ivaniushina V, ''et al'' |title=Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate a wide and ancient radiation of African hepatitis delta virus, suggesting a deltavirus genus of at least seven major clades |journal=J. Virol. |volume=78 |issue=5 |pages=2537–44 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=14963156 |pmc=369207 |url=http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14963156 |doi=10.1128/JVI.78.5.2537-2544.2004}}</ref> In all, about 20 million people may be infected with HDV.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Taylor JM |title=Hepatitis delta virus |journal=Virology |volume=344 |issue=1 |pages=71–6 |year=2006 |month=January |pmid=16364738 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.033}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:17, 4 December 2012
|
Hepatitis D |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Hepatitis D overview On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatitis D overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Hepatitis D is a disease caused by a small circular RNA virus (Hepatitis delta virus or hepatitis D virus, HDV). HDV is considered to be a subviral satellite because it can propagate only in the presence of another virus, the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Transmission of HDV can occur either via simultaneous infection with HBV (coinfection) or via infection of an individual previously infected with HBV (superinfection). [2] Both superinfection and coinfection with HDV results in more severe complications compared to infection with HBV alone. These complications include a greater likelihood of experiencing liver failure in acute infections and a greater likelihood of developing liver cancer in chronic infections. In combination with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D has the highest mortality rate of all the hepatitis infections of 20%.
Historical Perspective
The hepatitis D virus was first reported in mid-1977 by an italian researcher, Mario Rizzetto. [1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
HDV is rare in most developed countries, and is mostly associated with intravenous drug abuse. However HDV is much more common in Mediterranean countries, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and countries in the northern part of South America.[2] In all, about 20 million people may be infected with HDV.[3]
References
- ↑ Manuale di Gastroenterologia Unigastro pag. 260
- ↑ Radjef N, Gordien E, Ivaniushina V; et al. (2004). "Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate a wide and ancient radiation of African hepatitis delta virus, suggesting a deltavirus genus of at least seven major clades". J. Virol. 78 (5): 2537–44. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.5.2537-2544.2004. PMC 369207. PMID 14963156. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Taylor JM (2006). "Hepatitis delta virus". Virology. 344 (1): 71–6. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2005.09.033. PMID 16364738. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)