Viral encephalitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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'''Encephalitis''' is an [[Acute (medical)|acute]] [[inflammation]] of the [[brain]], commonly caused by a [[virus|viral]] [[infection]]. Sometimes, encephalitis can result from a [[bacteria]]l infection, such as bacterial [[meningitis]], or it may be a complication of other infectious diseases like [[rabies]] (viral) or [[syphilis]] (bacterial). Certain [[parasitic]] or [[protozoa]]l infestations, such as [[toxoplasmosis]], [[malaria]], or [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]], can also cause encephalitis in people with [[immune deficiency|compromised]] [[immune system]]s. Brain damage occurs as the inflamed brain pushes against the skull, and can lead to death. | '''Encephalitis''' is an [[Acute (medical)|acute]] [[inflammation]] of the [[brain]], commonly caused by a [[virus|viral]] [[infection]]. Sometimes, encephalitis can result from a [[bacteria]]l infection, such as bacterial [[meningitis]], or it may be a complication of other infectious diseases like [[rabies]] (viral) or [[syphilis]] (bacterial). Certain [[parasitic]] or [[protozoa]]l infestations, such as [[toxoplasmosis]], [[malaria]], or [[primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]], can also cause encephalitis in people with [[immune deficiency|compromised]] [[immune system]]s. Brain damage occurs as the inflamed brain pushes against the skull, and can lead to death. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
{{#ev:youtube|uOgS4Vk5qBY}} | {{#ev:youtube|uOgS4Vk5qBY}} | ||
==Encephalitis lethargica== | ===Encephalitis lethargica=== | ||
{{main|Encephalitis lethargica}} | {{main|Encephalitis lethargica}} | ||
[[Encephalitis lethargica]] is an atypical form of encephalitis which caused an [[epidemic]] from 1917 to 1928. There have only been a small number of isolated cases since, though in recent years a few patients have shown very similar symptoms. The cause is now thought to be either a bacterial agent or an autoimmune response following infection. | [[Encephalitis lethargica]] is an atypical form of encephalitis which caused an [[epidemic]] from 1917 to 1928. There have only been a small number of isolated cases since, though in recent years a few patients have shown very similar symptoms. The cause is now thought to be either a bacterial agent or an autoimmune response following infection. | ||
==Limbic system encephalitis== | ===Limbic system encephalitis=== | ||
In a small number of cases, called [[limbic encephalitis]], the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the [[limbic system]] (a collection of structures at the base of the brain responsible for basic [[autonomic]] functions). | In a small number of cases, called [[limbic encephalitis]], the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the [[limbic system]] (a collection of structures at the base of the brain responsible for basic [[autonomic]] functions). | ||
==References== | |||
== | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammations]] | [[Category:Inflammations]] | ||
[[Category:Overview complete]] | [[Category:Overview complete]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Revision as of 19:44, 5 December 2012
Template:Encephalitis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain, commonly caused by a viral infection. Sometimes, encephalitis can result from a bacterial infection, such as bacterial meningitis, or it may be a complication of other infectious diseases like rabies (viral) or syphilis (bacterial). Certain parasitic or protozoal infestations, such as toxoplasmosis, malaria, or primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, can also cause encephalitis in people with compromised immune systems. Brain damage occurs as the inflamed brain pushes against the skull, and can lead to death.
Pathophysiology
{{#ev:youtube|uOgS4Vk5qBY}}
Encephalitis lethargica
Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis which caused an epidemic from 1917 to 1928. There have only been a small number of isolated cases since, though in recent years a few patients have shown very similar symptoms. The cause is now thought to be either a bacterial agent or an autoimmune response following infection.
Limbic system encephalitis
In a small number of cases, called limbic encephalitis, the pathogens responsible for encephalitis attack primarily the limbic system (a collection of structures at the base of the brain responsible for basic autonomic functions).