Parotitis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Parotitis is an [[inflammatory]] disorder of the [[salivary gland]], or sialadenitis. It is most commonly infectious in [[etiology]] but can be [[autoimmune]] or [[neoplastic]]. | Parotitis is an [[inflammatory]] disorder of the [[salivary gland]], or sialadenitis. It is most commonly infectious in [[etiology]] but can be [[autoimmune]] or [[neoplastic]]. | ||
==Causes== | |||
The most common [[bacterial]] cause is S. aureus. S. pneumonia, S. pyogenes, and H. influenza are also common. Less commonly [[gram negative rod]]s (GNR) as well as [[anaerobe]]s are found. M. tuberculosis and T. pallidum have also been reported but are usually associated with chronic, painless infection. [[Viral]] etiologies include paramyxovirus (particularly Mumps), influenza, parainfluenza, echovirus, and coxsackie. [[Cytomegalovirus]] (CMV) and [[adenovirus]] have been implicated in [[HIV]]patients. Nonbacterial causes include [[Wegener’s granulomatosis]] and [[lymphoma]]. [[Cat-scratch]] and [[actinomycosis]] should be considered if the patient fails to respond to standard therapy. This predisposes to parotitis.<ref>McQuone SJ. Acute Viral and Bacterial Infections of the Salivary Glands. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 1999, 32:793-811.PMID 10477787</ref> | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 13:18, 7 December 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Parotitis is an inflammatory disorder of the salivary gland, or sialadenitis. It is most commonly infectious in etiology but can be autoimmune or neoplastic.
Causes
The most common bacterial cause is S. aureus. S. pneumonia, S. pyogenes, and H. influenza are also common. Less commonly gram negative rods (GNR) as well as anaerobes are found. M. tuberculosis and T. pallidum have also been reported but are usually associated with chronic, painless infection. Viral etiologies include paramyxovirus (particularly Mumps), influenza, parainfluenza, echovirus, and coxsackie. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus have been implicated in HIVpatients. Nonbacterial causes include Wegener’s granulomatosis and lymphoma. Cat-scratch and actinomycosis should be considered if the patient fails to respond to standard therapy. This predisposes to parotitis.[1]
References
- ↑ McQuone SJ. Acute Viral and Bacterial Infections of the Salivary Glands. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 1999, 32:793-811.PMID 10477787