Pneumonic plague differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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Pneumonic plague should be differentiated from the following diseases: | Pneumonic plague should be differentiated from the following diseases: | ||
*Inhalational [[anthrax]] (Bacillus anthracis) | *Inhalational [[anthrax]] (''Bacillus anthracis'') | ||
**Widened [[mediastinum]] and [[pleural effusions]] seen on CXR or chest CT | **Widened [[mediastinum]] and [[pleural effusions]] seen on CXR or chest CT | ||
**Not true [[pneumonia]]; minimal [[sputum]] production | **Not true [[pneumonia]]; minimal [[sputum]] production | ||
**[[Hemoptysis]] uncommon (if present, suggests diagnosis of plague) | **[[Hemoptysis]] uncommon (if present, suggests diagnosis of plague) | ||
*[[Tularemia]] (Francisella tularensis) | *[[Tularemia]] (''Francisella tularensis'') | ||
**Clinical course not as rapid or fulminant as in pneumonic plague | **Clinical course not as rapid or fulminant as in pneumonic plague | ||
*Mycoplasmal pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) | *Mycoplasmal pneumonia (''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'') | ||
**Rarely as [[fulminant]] as pneumonic plague | **Rarely as [[fulminant]] as pneumonic plague | ||
*Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae | *Pneumonia caused by ''Chlamydia pneumoniae'' | ||
**Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | ||
*[[Legionnaires' disease]] (Legionella pneumophila or other Legionella species) | *[[Legionnaires' disease]] (Legionella pneumophila or other Legionella species) | ||
**Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | ||
**Community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease often involve exposure to cooling systems | **Community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease often involve exposure to cooling systems | ||
**Legionellosis and many other diseases caused by bacterial agents (S aureus, S pneumoniae, H influenzae, K pneumoniae, M catarrhalis) usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly | **Legionellosis and many other diseases caused by bacterial agents (S aureus, S pneumoniae, H influenzae, K pneumoniae, M catarrhalis) usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly | ||
*Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci) | *Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci) | ||
**Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | ||
**Result of bird exposure | **Result of bird exposure | ||
*Other bacterial agents (e.g., Staphyloccocus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis) | *Other bacterial agents (e.g., Staphyloccocus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis) | ||
**Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | **Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague | ||
**Usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly | **Usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly | ||
*[[Influenza]] | *[[Influenza]] | ||
**Influenza generally seasonal (October-March in United States) or involves history of recent cruise ship travel or travel to tropics | **Influenza generally seasonal (October-March in United States) or involves history of recent cruise ship travel or travel to tropics | ||
*[[Hantavirus]] | *[[Hantavirus]] | ||
**Exposure to excrement (urine or feces) of mice with Hantavirus | **Exposure to excrement (urine or feces) of mice with Hantavirus | ||
*[[RSV]] | *[[RSV]] | ||
**RSV usually occurs in children (although may be cause of pneumonia in elderly); tends to be seasonal (winter/spring) | **RSV usually occurs in children (although may be cause of pneumonia in elderly); tends to be seasonal (winter/spring) | ||
*[[CMV]] | *[[CMV]] | ||
**CMV usually occurs in immunocompromised patients | **CMV usually occurs in immunocompromised patients | ||
*[[Q fever]] (Coxiella burnetii) | *[[Q fever]] (Coxiella burnetii) | ||
**Exposure to infected parturient cats, cattle, sheep, goats | **Exposure to infected parturient cats, cattle, sheep, goats | ||
**Severe pneumonia not prominent feature | **Severe pneumonia not prominent feature | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:36, 18 December 2012
Template:Pneumonic plague Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Differentiating Pneumonic Plague from other Diseases
Pneumonic plague should be differentiated from the following diseases:
- Inhalational anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)
- Widened mediastinum and pleural effusions seen on CXR or chest CT
- Not true pneumonia; minimal sputum production
- Hemoptysis uncommon (if present, suggests diagnosis of plague)
- Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
- Clinical course not as rapid or fulminant as in pneumonic plague
- Mycoplasmal pneumonia (Mycoplasma pneumoniae)
- Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
- Pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae
- Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
- Legionnaires' disease (Legionella pneumophila or other Legionella species)
- Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
- Community outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease often involve exposure to cooling systems
- Legionellosis and many other diseases caused by bacterial agents (S aureus, S pneumoniae, H influenzae, K pneumoniae, M catarrhalis) usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly
- Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci)
- Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
- Result of bird exposure
- Other bacterial agents (e.g., Staphyloccocus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis)
- Rarely as fulminant as pneumonic plague
- Usually occur in persons with underlying pulmonary or other disease or in the elderly
- Influenza
- Influenza generally seasonal (October-March in United States) or involves history of recent cruise ship travel or travel to tropics
- Hantavirus
- Exposure to excrement (urine or feces) of mice with Hantavirus
- RSV
- RSV usually occurs in children (although may be cause of pneumonia in elderly); tends to be seasonal (winter/spring)
- CMV
- CMV usually occurs in immunocompromised patients
- Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)
- Exposure to infected parturient cats, cattle, sheep, goats
- Severe pneumonia not prominent feature